Clinical drug investigation
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Double-blind comparison of escitalopram and duloxetine in the acute treatment of major depressive disorder.
Escitalopram is the most selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant; in contrast, duloxetine inhibits both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Double-blind comparison studies may help guide treatment decisions by revealing the relative benefits of different therapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of escitalopram versus duloxetine in the acute treatment of patients with moderate to severe major depressive disorder. ⋯ These findings suggest that escitalopram is better tolerated and at least as effective as the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor duloxetine in the treatment of major depressive disorder.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Tramadol in the treatment of neuropathic cancer pain: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
To assess the efficacy, safety and impact on quality of life of tramadol in the treatment of neuropathic pain in patients with cancer. ⋯ Tramadol is a therapeutic option for the control of neuropathic pain in patients with cancer, and appears to improve quality of life in these patients. The analgesic effect of tramadol is independent of changes in anxiety, depression and nervous system function.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effects of esmolol, lidocaine and fentanyl on haemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation: a comparative study.
Predicting the haemodynamic changes that may result in myocardial ischaemia for patients undergoing laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation will help to avoid events that trigger ischaemia and allow immediate treatment. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of esmolol with those of lidocaine (lignocaine) and fentanyl on prevention of tachycardia and hypertension caused by endotracheal intubation. ⋯ It can be concluded that administration of esmolol 1.5 mg/kg 2 minutes before intubation prevents tachycardia and an increase in RPP caused by laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, and can be beneficial when administered before laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in patients with tachycardia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A combination of lidocaine (lignocaine) and remifentanil reduces pain during propofol injection.
Pain on injection is a well known adverse effect of propofol. The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic effect of a lidocaine (lignocaine)/remifentanil combination compared with either lidocaine alone or remifentanil alone during propofol injection for induction of anaesthesia. ⋯ Pretreatment with a combination of lidocaine and remifentanil is more effective than either pretreatment alone in reducing pain on injection of propofol.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Nicotine patch for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a prospective randomised trial.
It has been demonstrated that smoking significantly reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). However, there are approximately 4000 substances in cigarette smoke that can be responsible for this effect. To demonstrate whether nicotine is the substance with antiemetic effects we applied a nicotine patch in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. ⋯ Nicotine significantly reduced the incidence of PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.