European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improve tinnitus in normal hearing patients: a double-blind controlled, clinical and neuroimaging outcome study.
Tinnitus is a frequent disorder which is very difficult to treat and there is compelling evidence that tinnitus is associated with functional alterations in the central nervous system. Targeted modulation of tinnitus-related cortical activity has been proposed as a promising new treatment approach. We aimed to investigate both immediate and long-term effects of low frequency (1 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with tinnitus and normal hearing. ⋯ These results support the potential of rTMS as a new therapeutic tool for the treatment of chronic tinnitus, by demonstrating a significant reduction of tinnitus complaints over a period of at least 6 months and significant reduction of neural activity in the inferior temporal cortex, despite the stimulation applied on the superior temporal cortex.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
A double-blind, randomized trial of duloxetine versus placebo in the management of chronic low back pain.
Duloxetine has demonstrated analgesic effect in chronic pain states. This study assesses the efficacy of duloxetine in chronic low back pain (CLBP). ⋯ Duloxetine was superior to placebo on the primary objective from weeks 3-11, but superiority was not maintained at end-point. Duloxetine was superior to placebo on many secondary measures, and was well-tolerated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Subcutaneous histamine versus botulinum toxin type A in migraine prophylaxis: a randomized, double-blind study.
To compare the efficacy and tolerability of the subcutaneous administration of histamine and botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) in migraine prophylaxis. ⋯ This randomized study demonstrated that both histamine and BoNTA are similarly effective and well tolerated in reducing or eliminating headache in migraine prophylaxis. Low doses of histamine applied subcutaneously may represent a novel and effective therapeutic alternative in migraine patients and lay the clinical and pharmacological groundwork for the use of H3 agonist in migraine prophylaxis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Modulatory effects of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on perception and pain thresholds in healthy volunteers.
We aimed to evaluate whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is effective in modulating sensory and pain perception thresholds in healthy subjects as to further explore mechanisms of tDCS in pain relief. ⋯ These results show that both M1 and DLFPC anodal tDCS can be used to modulate pain thresholds in healthy subjects; thus, the mechanism of tDCS in modulating pain involves pathways that are independent of abnormal pain-related neural activity.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of gabapentin on oculomotor control and parkinsonism in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy.
The efficacy of gabapentin on motor, oculomotor and frontal lobe symptoms was evaluated in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) in a pilot study. Fourteen patients were included and seven of them received gabapentin. ⋯ However, the error rate in the antisaccade task was significantly decreased in the gabapentin group. This preliminary study shows that gabapentin improves reflexive saccade inhibition in patients with PSP but does not improve the latency of VGSs.