Enfermería intensiva
-
Enfermería intensiva · Oct 2011
Review[Ultrasound guided radial artery cannulation: procedure description and literature review].
Arterial catheterization is the second most common invasive procedure performed in critical care units. These devices are essential in certain types of patients (the hemodinamically unstable or those who require regular evaluation of the gasometric values). ⋯ Ultrasound-guided catheter insertion has been used for years to guide central venous cannulation in critical care, but its use has been more limited for arterial catheterization. This paper aims to describe the technique of ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization and reviews the most important research papers that have evaluated the safety and efficacy of this procedure in the adult population.
-
Cardiac output (CO) is monitored in critically ill patients to maintain and improve cardiac function with the primary goal of adequate tissue perfusion. For a long time, this monitoring has been done using the pulmonary arterial catheter, which has been provoking increasing controversy. For some years, monitoring of CO has been evolving with the appearance of new invasive and non-invasive monitoring systems. ⋯ This system is based on the injection of a cold fluid bolus centrally in the vein. A thermistor located in the tip of the arterial catheter, usually femoral, is used to measure blood temperature changes. A thermodilution curve is created and the hemodynamic parameters obtained after its analysis.
-
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been a subject of research in the recent decades since it was defined in the seventies. ARDS is now known to be triggered by pulmonary and non-pulmonary insults which allow chemical agents to be released in the lungs. The resulting damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane causes an impaired ventilation and oxygenation. ⋯ The results of the studies reviewed revealed that 50-80% of the patients experienced significant improvement of oxygenation with the prone position. However, no study has shown that the prone position significantly reduces mortality. It is concluded that further investigations are necessary to understand how the prone position affects the lungs, what group of patients respond to this treatment, what duration and frequency of proning is most beneficial to reduce mortality, and how to effectively nurse patients who are in the prone position.
-
Enfermería intensiva · Jan 2005
Review[Continuous lateral rotation or kinetic therapy: an update of knowledge].
Acute lung injury and, when extreme, acute respiratory distress syndrome, are thought to be expression of a diffuse and overwhelming inflammatory reaction of the pulmonary capillary membrane to a variety of causes. The ventilatory support is essential in this patients. ⋯ Lowly it's introducing in our setting. The follow article would respound the next questions: What's the KT? How must to make the KT? What recommendations have been offered by specialists from the complications? Which is it efectivity?
-
Enfermería intensiva · Apr 2003
Review Comparative Study[Music therapy effectiveness to decrease anxiety in mechanically ventilated patients].
The aim of this review is to find out whether or not music therapy is an effective nursing intervention to decrease anxiety and promote relaxation in ventilator-dependent patients. For the purpose of this review, relaxation has been considered as a reduction in state anxiety and physiologic signs (heart rate, blood pressure or respiratory rate). A comprehensive search has been conducted in electronic databases (Cochrane Library, Medline, CINHAL, Embase and PsycLit) in order to identify systematic reviews on music therapy effectiveness or randomised control trials that compare the effectiveness of music therapy versus no music or other relaxation techniques in patients receiving ventilatory assistance. ⋯ Some methodological limitations make their results be not fully reliable and therefore, it has not been possible to reach a satisfactory answer. Further and more rigorous research is needed on this area, as there is not enough valid research to conclude that music therapy is an effective nursing intervention for decreasing patients' anxiety. As it causes no harm and is a relatively inexpensive intervention, it would be worth exploring its effects on different kind of outcomes and settings.