Compendium of continuing education in dentistry
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Compend Contin Educ Dent
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Compend Contin Educ Dent · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyFaster onset and more comfortable injection with alkalinized 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000.
The pH of lidocaine with epinephrine in dental cartridges ranges between 2.9 and 4.4. In this pH range, less than 0.1% of the anesthetic is in the de-ionized or "active" form. The acidity of the anesthetic may delay onset and contribute to injection pain. ⋯ Clinicians can begin procedures more quickly and give a more comfortable injection by alkalinizing their lidocaine/epinephrine immediately before delivering the injection.