American journal of health behavior
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Randomized Controlled Trial
An Experimental Study of Implicit Racial Bias in Recognition of Child Abuse.
We evaluated whether implicit racial bias influences pediatricians' suspicion of child abuse. ⋯ We demonstrated an experimental approach to study the influence of implicit racial bias on recognition of child abuse. Though we failed to find an effect, it is too early to conclude that none exists. The relationship among human cognition, behavior, and healthcare disparities is complex. Studies are needed that incorporate diverse approaches, clinical contexts and scenarios, patient and physician characteristics, and validated measures if we are to understand how it might be used to reduce healthcare disparities.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The sun sense study: an intervention to improve sun protection in children.
To assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on parental knowledge, sun avoidance behaviors, and sun protection practices in children 3-10 years. ⋯ Although results support the intervention's effect on parent-child pairs for sun protection practices and parental knowledge, increasing sun avoidance behaviors may require further study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Varenicline versus bupropion SR or placebo for smoking cessation: a pooled analysis.
To evaluate varenicline's efficacy for smoking cessation versus bupropion SR and placebo and to explore whether factors typically predictive of abstinence influence varenicline's efficacy versus placebo, as measured by the week 9-12 continuous abstinence rate (CAR9-12). ⋯ Varenicline was more efficacious than bupropion SR or placebo. Varenicline's efficacy versus placebo was not influenced by factors predictive of abstinence.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Outcomes and adherence in Syria's first smoking cessation trial.
To determine the feasibility of implementing cessation interventions in Syria. ⋯ Important barriers to cessation included perceived dependence, lack of access to pharmacotherapy, poor social support, and water pipe smoking.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Minimal-contact physical activity interventions in women: a pilot study.
To examine the impact of 3 minimal-contact lifestyle interventions on physical activity in women. ⋯ Results of this pilot study support the use of minimal-contact lifestyle interventions to promote physical activity in women.