Annals of internal medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effects of Four Doses of Vitamin D Supplements on Falls in Older Adults : A Response-Adaptive, Randomized Clinical Trial.
Vitamin D supplementation may prevent falls in older persons, but evidence is inconsistent, possibly because of dosage differences. ⋯ National Institute on Aging.
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Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common reasons for gastroenterology-related hospitalization in the United States. With significant morbidity and subsequent mortality related to both the acute presentation and subsequent sequelae, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are critical, especially in the first 24 hours of illness. It is also important to accurately recognize complications, such as pancreatic fluid collections and vascular events, and identify a definitive cause so that a strategy to prevent future attacks can be implemented.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes After Laparoscopic Versus Open Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases : A Randomized Trial.
Despite the recent worldwide dissemination of laparoscopic liver surgery, no high-level evidence supports the oncologic safety of this approach. ⋯ The South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority.
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Several vaccine candidates to protect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have entered or will soon enter large-scale, phase 3, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials. To facilitate harmonized evaluation and comparison of the efficacy of these vaccines, a general set of clinical endpoints is proposed, along with considerations to guide the selection of the primary endpoints on the basis of clinical and statistical reasoning. The plausibility that vaccine protection against symptomatic COVID-19 could be accompanied by a shift toward more SARS-CoV-2 infections that are asymptomatic is highlighted, as well as the potential implications of such a shift.
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The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study (CKiD) equation for children and the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation for adults are recommended serum creatinine (SCr)-based calculations for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR). However, these equations, as well as their combination, have limitations, notably the problem of implausible changes in GFR during the transition from adolescence to adulthood and overestimation of GFR in young adults. The full age spectrum (FAS) equation addresses these issues but overestimates GFR when SCr levels are low. ⋯ Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet).