Annals of internal medicine
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Meta Analysis
In persons exposed to influenza, zanamivir, oseltamivir, laninamivir, and baloxavir reduce symptomatic seasonal influenza.
Zhao Y, Gao Y, Guyatt G, et al. Antivirals for post-exposure prophylaxis of influenza: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet. 2024;404:764-772. 39181596.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effect of Weight Loss Interventions on the Symptomatic Burden and Biomarkers of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common in women of reproductive age and is associated with obesity. Clinical guidelines recommend weight loss, but the impact on the clinical manifestations of PCOS is unclear. ⋯ National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Primary Care Research. (PROSPERO: CRD42022367488).
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Review Meta Analysis
Effect of Weight Loss Interventions on the Symptomatic Burden and Biomarkers of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome : A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common in women of reproductive age and is associated with obesity. Clinical guidelines recommend weight loss, but the impact on the clinical manifestations of PCOS is unclear. ⋯ National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Primary Care Research. (PROSPERO: CRD42022367488).
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Although medical devices are widely used in clinical practice, clinicians and the public have limited access to information on how devices are tested, regulated, and used, posing challenges to patient safety. This article uses Cook Medical's Celect inferior vena cava (IVC) filter, a medical device used for prevention of pulmonary embolism, as a case study of the transparency gap in medical device regulation. Recently unsealed court documents from litigation related to Celect reveal that the device's clinical study protocol did not follow U. ⋯ Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance for IVC filter testing and that study outcome definitions for IVC perforation had lower sensitivity for detecting adverse events than those recommended by professional societies. Furthermore, a comparison of court documents and the public record indicates that adverse events and patient deaths were misreported to FDA reviewers and were inaccurately reported in the published literature and on the device label, providing patients and clinicians with inaccurate information about the device's safety. The Celect IVC filter case demonstrates the need for regulatory reforms to ensure that critical safety data are accessible to the FDA, clinicians, and patients to inform decision making.
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Review Meta Analysis
Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Colonoscopy for Polyp Detection : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of computer-aided detection (CADe) system-enhanced colonoscopy compared with conventional colonoscopy suggest increased adenoma detection rate (ADR) and decreased adenoma miss rate (AMR), but the effect on detection of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) is unclear. ⋯ None. (PROSPERO: CRD42023422835).