Annals of surgery
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Randomized Controlled Trial Meta Analysis Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Alvimopan, a novel, peripherally acting mu opioid antagonist: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of major abdominal surgery and postoperative ileus.
To demonstrate that alvimopan (6 or 12 mg) accelerates recovery of gastrointestinal (GI) function in patients undergoing laparotomy for bowel resection or radical hysterectomy. ⋯ Alvimopan accelerated GI recovery and time to hospital discharge order written compared with placebo in patients undergoing laparotomy and was well tolerated.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Sentinel node staging of resectable colon cancer: results of a multicenter study.
Sentinel lymph node (LN) sampling, a technique widely used to manage breast cancer and melanoma, seeks to select LNs that accurately predict regional node status and can be extensively examined to identify nodal metastatic disease not detected by standard histopathological staging. For patients with resectable colon cancer, improved identification of LN disease would significantly advance patient care by identifying patients likely to benefit from adjuvant therapy. This study, conducted by 25 surgeons at 13 institutions, examined whether sentinel node (SN) sampling accurately predicted LN status for patients with resectable colon cancer. ⋯ This multi-institutional study found that for patients with node-positive colon cancer, SN examination with MLS failed to predict nodal status in 54% of cases. We conclude that SN sampling with MLS, used alone, is unlikely to improve risk stratification for resectable colon cancer.
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Comparative Study
The impact of chemotherapy on the survival of patients with high-grade primary extremity liposarcoma.
To determine if chemotherapy offers a survival benefit to patients with large, high-grade, primary extremity liposarcoma. ⋯ In patients with large, high-grade, primary extremity liposarcoma; DOX is not associated with improved DSS and IF is associated with an improved DSS. Treatment with IF should be considered in patients with high-risk primary extremity liposarcoma.
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To examine the effect of hospital volume of bariatric surgery on morbidity, mortality, and costs at academic centers. ⋯ Bariatric surgery performed at hospitals with more than 100 cases annually is associated with a shorter length of stay, lower morbidity and mortality, and decreased costs. This volume-outcome relationship is even more pronounced for a subset of patients older than 55 years, for whom in-hospital mortality was 3-fold higher at low-volume compared with high-volume hospitals. High-volume hospitals also have a lower rate of overall postoperative and medical care complications, which may be related in part to formalization of the structures and processes of care.
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Staged repair of extensive aortic aneurysms: long-term experience with the elephant trunk technique.
This paper reports our experience of a large series of elephant trunk patients accumulated over 12 years. ⋯ Despite extreme underlying disease, long-term survival is excellent in patients with extensive aneurysms when both stages of repair are completed. To prevent rupture, the second stage should be completed as soon as the patient's condition permits, preferably within 6 weeks.