Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Jun 2011
Multicenter StudyNeed for improved antimicrobial and infection control stewardship in Vietnamese intensive care units.
Survey of antibiotic consumption, microbial resistance and hygiene precautions in the intensive care units of three hospitals in northern Vietnam. ⋯ Low antibiotic consumption, poor hygiene precautions and the high level of antibiotic resistance indicate that there is room for improvement regarding antibiotic use and infection control.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Dec 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRandomized controlled trial of zinc and vitamin A as co-adjuvants for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
To assess the efficacy of weekly zinc or zinc plus retinol as adjuncts for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. ⋯ Supplementation with zinc or zinc plus retinol did not lead to better outcomes than placebos, and caution is warranted regarding routine micronutrient supplementation, particularly in patients co-infected with HIV.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Jul 2010
Multicenter StudyA simple method for rapid community assessment of tungiasis.
To evaluate a rapid assessment method to estimate the overall prevalence of tungiasis and severity of disease in endemic communities. ⋯ Prevalence of tungiasis and prevalence of severe disease can be reliably estimated in communities with distinct cultural and geographical characteristics, by applying a simple and rapid epidemiological method. This approach will help to detect high-risk communities and to monitor control measures aimed at the reduction of tungiasis.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Mar 2009
Multicenter StudyEarly assessment of the implementation of a national programme for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Cameroon and the effects of staff training: a survey in 70 rural health care facilities.
To assess the availability of equipment and the staff's knowledge to prevent Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) in rural healthcare facilities recently covered by the national PMTCT programme in Cameroon. ⋯ Prevent Mother-To-Child Transmission programmes in settings such as rural Cameroon need to be adapted to the special needs of peripheral nurse-led clinics. Appropriate short training may considerably improve nurses' competence in PMTCT. Other important components are regular supervision and measures to guarantee supply of equipment in rural areas.
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Trop. Med. Int. Health · Jun 1998
Multicenter StudyVerbal autopsies for adult deaths: their development and validation in a multicentre study.
Verbal autopsy (VA) has been widely used to ascertain causes of child deaths, but little is known about the usefulness of VA for adult deaths. This paper describes the process used to develop a VA tool for adult deaths and the results of a multicentre validation of this tool. ⋯ VAs by a panel of physicians performed better than an opinion-based algorithm. The validity of VA diagnosis was highest for AFI, direct maternal causes, TB/AIDS, tetanus, rabies and injuries.