Cell biochemistry and biophysics
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Cell Biochem. Biophys. · Jan 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialClinical benefit of delamanid (OPC-67683) in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in China.
The cure rates are much lower for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) patients. Delamanid (OPC-67683) has been evaluated in phase-II MDR-TB clinical trials. Herein, we reviewed MDR-TB cases in which treatment regimens, with/without delamanid, were administered. ⋯ Six patients had poor outcome (3 failures/2 lost/1 death). In 13 patients, adverse events were observed that included mental disorder, QT interval prolongation, and increased blood cortisol whereas only 3 patients stopped delamanid treatment because of adverse events. It was, therefore, concluded that delamanid was well-tolerated, had low rates of discontinuation, and could be effective for treating MDR-TB.
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Cell Biochem. Biophys. · Jan 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine combined with inhalation of isoflurane on arterial oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt during single-lung ventilation.
To investigate the changes in arterial oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt during one-lung ventilation (OLV) with intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine combined with isoflurane inhalation. ASA I-II 60 patients aged 18-70 year, undergoing OLV during elective thoracic surgery were randomly allocated to two groups: (1) isoflurane + saline (group NISO, n = 30) and (2) isoflurane + dexmedetomidine (group DISO, n = 30). After induction, anesthesia was maintained with intravenous infusion of remifentanil 0.1-0.2 μg kg(-1) min(-1) and inhalation isoflurane (1.0-2.0%). ⋯ The two groups were comparable in terms of demographic variables, hemodynamic, PaO2, Qs/QT, end expiration isoflurane and BIS levels during the operation. Compared with patients in the group NISO, there were significant increases with PaO2, significant decrease with Qs/QT, significant decrease with end expiration isoflurane, and significant decrease with HR in the group DISO during the first 40 min of OLV (P < 0.05). Dexmedetomidine infusions decrease the requirement for isoflurane, decrease intrapulmonary shunt, and moderate the change in PaO2 and may be useful in managing OLV.