Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors
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Implementing prehospital blood products for treating hemorrhagic shock has been utilized globally in military and civilian settings. This review aims to compare various guidelines for using blood products, including the types of blood products, injuries, biomarkers (hemodynamic measurement) to indicate use, associated treatments and risks, and the logistical concerns of storage and wastage in the prehospital setting. Furthermore, it explores whether prehospital blood transfusions are beneficial and a safe treatment option. ⋯ Prehospital blood was used in medical, trauma, and maternity-related hemorrhage. Many types of blood products are in use, ranging from component therapy to whole blood, with each protocol having different indications of use and treatment guidelines aimed at improving hemodynamic stability.
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Review
The Influencing Factors of Implementation in Emergency Medical Service Systems - A Scoping Review.
Emergency medical services (EMS) provide health care in situations with limited time and resources. Challenges arise when introducing novel medications, treatments, or technologies or modifying existing practices in these settings. Effective implementation strategies are pivotal for their success. This study aims to identify and categorize potential facilitators and barriers in the implementation of prehospital EMS through a review of relevant research articles. ⋯ This study examined the literature on EMS implementation factors and proposed a 10-theme EMS model framework. Key factors include training/education, equipment/tools, communication with hospitals, and practitioners' attitudes.