Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2008
Differentiation of early-stage Alzheimer's disease from other types of dementia using brain perfusion single photon emission computed tomography with easy Z-score imaging system analysis.
We performed brain perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to evaluate computer-assisted automated discrimination of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) from other types of dementia using the easy Z-score imaging system (eZIS). ⋯ The eZIS indices, especially the rCBF ratio, may be useful in establishing the differential diagnosis between early-stage AD and FTD or VD, but the differentiation of AD from VD + AD or DLB remains difficult.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2008
Diffusion tensor imaging correlates with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in posterior cingulate region of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
To compare proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings in the posterior cingulate regions in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). ⋯ There are different regional and temporal patterns in AD, resulting from gliosis or axonal loss. Combining MRS with DTI could provide valuable information to better understand the AD process.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2008
Clinical TrialMagnetic resonance spectroscopy performance for detection of dementia, Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment in a community-based survey.
To evaluate (1)H-labelled magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with a low Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score identified during a dementia community-based survey. ⋯ In a population sample, conventional MRS still proved to be a useful tool for dementia discrimination, but it is potentially far less useful as a surrogate marker for MCI.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2008
Mutational analysis in early-onset familial dementia in the Japanese population. The role of PSEN1 and MAPT R406W mutations.
Three major causative genes have been implicated as the cause of early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (AD): the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP), presenilin-1 (PSEN1) and PSEN2. Although rare, a tau-related dementia with mutations in the microtubule-associated protein tau gene (MAPT) has been identified in patients showing clinical presentations similar to those of AD. ⋯ These observations suggest that although PSEN1 mutations are the most frequent cause, the MAPT R406W mutation is an important cause of early-onset familial dementia clinically diagnosed as AD. Differentiation of patients with the MAPT mutation from AD patients by genetic testing would be meaningful, considering that a different therapeutic approach should be applied.