Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2019
Observational StudyCognitive Impairment Is Associated with Absolute Intraoperative Frontal α-Band Power but Not with Baseline α-Band Power: A Pilot Study.
Cognitive abilities decline with aging, leading to a higher risk for the development of postoperative delirium or postoperative neurocognitive disorders after general anesthesia. Since frontal α-band power is known to be highly correlated with cognitive function in general, we hypothesized that preoperative cognitive impairment is associated with lower baseline and intraoperative frontal α-band power in older adults. ⋯ Preoperative cognitive impairment in older adults is associated with intraoperative absolute frontal α-band power, but not baseline α-band power.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2019
Predictors for Favorable Cognitive Outcome Post-Stroke: A-Seven-Year Follow-Up Study.
Knowledge of the burden and development of post-stroke cognitive impairments (CIs) in the long-term after the first event is limited. We aimed to assess the prevalence of mild CI (MCI) and dementia 7 years after first-ever stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), to subclassify the impairments, and to identify predictors for a favorable cognitive outcome. ⋯ Sixty percent of stroke survivors have a favorable cognitive outcome. Lower age and lower MTLA grade on MRI were associated with favorable outcome.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2019
Comparative StudyFree-Cog: Pragmatic Test Accuracy Study and Comparison with Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination.
Canonical definitions of the dementia construct encompass deficits in both cognition and function, but most screening instruments for possible dementia address only cognitive abilities. Free-Cog is a recently described brief screening instrument for dementia designed to address not only cognitive but also functional abilities. ⋯ Free-Cog is an acceptable and accurate test for dementia screening in a dedicated cognitive disorders clinic, but it appears less sensitive than MACE for the identification of MCI.
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People have various and changing needs as they age, and the number of people living with some form of dementia is steadily increasing. Smart homes have a unique potential to provide assisted living but are often designed rigidly with a specific and fixed problem in mind. ⋯ There is a great need to integrate technology with living spaces to provide assistance and independent living, but to smarten these spaces for lifelong living, the technology and the smart home applications must be flexible, adaptive, and changeable over time. However, people do not just live at home, they live in communities. Looking at the big picture (communities), as well as the small (homes), we consider how to progress beyond smart-ready homes towards smart-ready communities.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2019
Muslims' Affective and Cognitive Attitudes towards Formal Dementia Care in South Africa: Do They Vary according to Family Structure and the Experience of Familial Caregiving?
The feelings and beliefs of some social groups sharing the same values about formal care institutions impacts their likelihood of using such services. Socialisation theory posits that there should not be any difference in attitudes towards formal care in the Muslim community, as they are influenced by the principles of Confucianism. However, demographic, epistemological, and socio-economic trends, as well as globalisation, may be impacting the efficacy of caring for people with dementia (PWD) at home. ⋯ With up to 90% of PWD moving into formal care before they die in some countries, governments and other service providers of formal care need to provide culturally congruent care. There is also a need to build relationships with minority social groups that are not cared for by geriatric service organisations (governmental and non-governmental) in order to break down the negative attitudes that families have about formal care, and provide the families caring for PWD at home with coping strategies and support programmes to enhance the caregiving experience.