Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2015
Pathological correlates of white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging.
We investigated the histopathological correlates of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in participants with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or cerebrovascular disease, and in aged controls. ⋯ WMHs are consistent with small-vessel disease and increase the tissue water content. We found no association between WMHs and the thickness of small blood vessels.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2015
Interactions between traumatic brain injury and frontotemporal degeneration.
Prior work in smaller cohorts suggests that traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be a risk factor for frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). We sought to confirm and extend these results using the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. ⋯ TBI may increase the FTD risk and influence clinical symptomatology and severity in FTD subtypes.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2015
Neopterin: a potential biomarker for delirium in elderly patients.
The diagnosis of delirium is not supported by specific biomarkers. In a previous study, high neopterin levels were found in patients with a postoperative delirium. In the present study, we investigated levels of neopterin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in acutely ill admitted elderly patients with and without a delirium. ⋯ The findings of this study suggest that neopterin might be a potential biomarker for delirium which, through oxidative stress and activation of the immune system, may play a role in the pathophysiology of delirium.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2014
Mild cognitive impairment with associated inflammatory and cortisol alterations as independent risk factor for postoperative delirium.
The present study aimed to determine the impact of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on the development of postoperative delirium and, secondly, to assess the association between MCI and raised perioperative cortisol, cytokine, cobalamin and homocysteine levels. ⋯ MCI is associated with a higher risk of postoperative delirium. Perioperative cortisol and inflammatory alterations observed in MCI may provide a physiological explanation for this increased risk.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2014
Validation of the Chinese version of Addenbrooke's cognitive examination-revised for screening mild Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.
As a suitable test to screen for Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), studies to validate the Chinese version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) are rare. ⋯ The Chinese ACE-R is a reliable assessment tool for cognitive impairment. It is more sensitive and accurate in screening for a-MCI rather than for AD compared to the MMSE.