Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2015
Multicenter StudyLow plasma ApoE levels are associated with smaller hippocampal size in the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative cohort.
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is the strongest known genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the utility of plasma ApoE levels for assessing the severity of underlying neurodegenerative changes remains uncertain. Here, we examined cross-sectional associations between plasma ApoE levels and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging indices of the hippocampus from 541 participants [57 with normal cognition (NC), 375 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 109 with mild AD] who were enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. ⋯ These associations were driven primarily by findings from carriers of an APOE ε4 allele and are consistent with prior reports that lower plasma ApoE levels correlate with greater global cortical Pittsburgh Compound B retention. In this high-risk group, plasma ApoE levels may represent a peripheral marker of underlying AD neuropathology in nondemented elderly individuals.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2013
Multicenter StudySingle-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment identified by cluster analysis predicts Alzheimer's disease in the european prospective DESCRIPA study.
To identify prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) subjects using a data-driven approach to determine cognitive profiles in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). ⋯ In subjects with mild MCI, the single-domain amnestic MCI profile was associated with the highest risk of conversion, even if memory impairment did not necessarily cross specific cut-off points. A cognitive profile characterized by isolated memory deficits may be sufficient to warrant applying prevention strategies in MCI, whether or not memory performance lies below specific z-scores. This is supported by our preliminary biomarker analyses. However, further analyses with bigger samples are needed to corroborate these findings.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2012
Multicenter StudyDifferent functional outcomes in patients with delirium and subsyndromal delirium one month after hospital discharge.
Subsyndromal delirium has an increasing relevance in the medical literature. There are only three studies in hospitalized elderly patients. Our goal is to demonstrate the importance of this syndrome in a population with more complexity and cognitive impairment than in previous studies. ⋯ SSD could help get more accurate diagnoses as well as improve patient management.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyQuality of life and the effect of memantine in dementia with lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia.
To investigate quality of life (QOL) and the effect of memantine treatment in patients with Lewy body dementias. ⋯ This study shows that memantine improves QOL in Lewy body dementias. We also demonstrate important QOL patterns which can be used in clinical practice.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord · Jan 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRivastigmine in the treatment of dementia associated with Parkinson's disease: effects on activities of daily living.
To investigate the effects of rivastigmine capsule 3-12 mg/day over 24 weeks on activities of daily living (ADLs) in patients with dementia associated with Parkinson's disease (PDD). ⋯ In patients with PDD, treatment with rivastigmine may show beneficial effects on overall ADLs, as well as modest, statistically significant improvements in basic ADLs and high-level function ADLs.