International journal of pharmaceutical compounding
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A quality-based program is vital in every compounding pharmacy to ensure that each preparation is compounded properly and is stable for its expected duration of use. This article discusses quality control, quality assurance, continuous quality improvement, and also describes the components of an in-house (in-pharmacy) quality program, as well as the role of outside laboratories.
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The risk of microbial contamination during sterile product preparation would be practically non-existent were people not involved in the preparatory process. This article discusses why people are the main source of microbial contamination and what safeguards need to be present to minimize this source.
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Equipment systems that enable compliance with stringent state and federal compounding requirements are a topic of increasing interest to U. S. pharmacists. ⋯ In this article, the reasons for and the process of selecting an aseptic vial processing line for use in 2 independent 503B compounding pharmacies are presented, the operation of our choice of equipment is described, and specifications for the components of that line are listed. In part 2 of this series, the success of our choice and its effect on sterile compounding in our facilities will be reported.
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Films, which are a dosage form designed to dissolve on contact with a wet surface within a very short time, are thin sheets placed in the oral cavity for dissolution and absorption of the active drug. This dosage form is gaining popularity because of its convenience. Discussed within this article are the applications, advantages/disadvantages, composition, preparation, physicochemical considerations, quality control, packaging/labeling/storage, stability, and formulation considerations as they relate to films. Also provided are example formulations for compounding.
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Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, is an anesthetic used for general anesthesia. In the past 20 years, ketamine has been successfully formulated topically and has been used for analgesia. Topical analgesics are popular among physicians due to their efficacy and limited systemic effects. ⋯ S., the use of topical ketamine compounded with various bases and other analgesics has been increasing. There are numerous small studies examining the efficacy and safety of topical ketamine mainly on neuropathic pain. In this article, a narrative review examining topical ketamine's mechanism, pharmacology, use, safety, and future will be analyzed.