Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A randomized controlled trial to determine the lowest effective dose for adequate mydriasis in premature infants.
To compare the mydriatic efficacy of different numbers of eye drops for retinal examination of premature infants. ⋯ Effective mydriasis was achieved in the test eye with 1 or 2 drops and was sustained to 120 minutes. Therefore, retinal examinations could be completed by 90 minutes in most infants with the use of 1 drop. A larger study is needed to determine the effect of iris color and severity of ROP on these findings.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Mydriasis induced by sub-Tenon's ropivacaine injection in patients undergoing strabismus surgery.
To investigate the effects of sub-Tenon's capsule ropivacaine injection on pupillary diameter in strabismus surgery. ⋯ Ropivacaine in the sub-Tenon's capsule induces a mydriasis probably related to a pharmacological ciliary ganglion block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The effect of topical tetracaine eye drops on emergence behavior and pain relief after strabismus surgery.
Pediatric strabismus surgery may be associated with postoperative nausea, vomiting, and emergence agitation (restlessness, thrashing, crying, moaning, disorientation). We hypothesize that emergence agitation after strabismus surgery is in part related to pain and that topical tetracaine ophthalmic drops can decrease the intensity and incidence of postoperative pain and emergence agitation. ⋯ Postoperative strabismus surgery pain was improved by the use of preoperative, and pre- and postoperative, tetracaine drops. Emergence agitation was not fully evaluated by the behavioral scale, and therefore, the effect of tetracaine drops on emergence agitation was not clarified. This study suggests that tetracaine drops can lead to a less stressful early postoperative experience for the patient.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Subtenons lidocaine injection for postoperative pain relief after strabismus surgery in children: A prospective randomized controlled trial.
We previously reported a pilot study of the use of subtenons lidocaine after primary, unilateral strabismus surgery in children. This study suggested an association between subtenons lidocaine administration at the conclusion of surgery and a reduction of pain in the immediate postoperative period. As a result of this pilot study we performed a full-scale prospective, randomized controlled trial to fully evaluate the efficacy of this intervention. ⋯ This study showed that an intraoperative injection of subtenons lidocaine is associated with a significant reduction in postoperative pain during the first postoperative hour for all types of childhood strabismus surgery. There was no difference between the groups in the need for systemic analgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Subtenons lidocaine injection for postoperative pain relief after strabismus surgery in children: a pilot study.
Ophthalmologists are now encouraged to perform strabismus surgery as an outpatient procedure, but postoperative pain may be a barrier to discharge. Systemic analgesics have side effects or are contraindicated in some patients. We designed a trial to determine the efficacy of subtenons lidocaine injection at reducing postoperative pain and systemic analgesia requirements. ⋯ These data provide some evidence of an association between the use of subtenons lidocaine injection and a reduction of pain experienced by children in the immediate postoperative period following primary strabismus surgery.