CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
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Chronic kidney disease is an important risk factor for death and cardiovascular-related morbidity, but estimates to date of its prevalence in Canada have generally been extrapolated from the prevalence of end-stage renal disease. We used direct measures of kidney function collected from a nationally representative survey population to estimate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease among Canadian adults. ⋯ The prevalence of kidney dysfunction was substantial in the survey population, including individuals without hypertension or diabetes, conditions most likely to prompt screening for kidney dysfunction. These findings highlight the potential for missed opportunities for early intervention and secondary prevention of chronic kidney disease.
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Connecting peptide (C-peptide) plays a role in early atherogenesis in patients with diabetes mellitus and may be a marker for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients without diabetes. We investigated whether serum C-peptide levels are associated with all-cause, cardiovascular-related and coronary artery disease-related mortality in adults without diabetes. ⋯ We found an association between serum C-peptide levels and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults without diabetes at baseline. Our finding suggests that elevated C-peptide levels may be a predictor of death.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Naturopathic medicine for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: a randomized clinical trial.
Although cardiovascular disease may be partially preventable through dietary and lifestyle-based interventions, few individuals at risk receive intensive dietary and lifestyle counselling. We performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of naturopathic care in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. ⋯ Our findings support the hypothesis that the addition of naturopathic care to enhanced usual care may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among those at high risk.