British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
High concordance between expert anaesthetists' actions and advice of decision support system in achieving oxygen delivery targets in high-risk surgery patients.
Goal-directed therapy has a secure place in perioperative care. Algorithms are based on Starling's law of the heart, notwithstanding that this does not numerically define volume or heart performance variables. These have been developed based on a Guytonian view of the circulation and are implemented in a computerized decision support system (Navigator™). We studied the feasibility and performance of the graphical display of the system in an intervention and a control group of patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. ⋯ In experienced hands, the addition of a graphical display for haemodynamic guidance resulted in a similar time in target and averaged standardized difference. The haemodynamic guidance system should be explored in a comparative study to anaesthesia management without guidance.
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Continuous wound infiltration (CWI), i.v. patient-controlled analgesia (i.v.-PCA), and epidural analgesia (EDA) are analgesic techniques commonly used for pain relief after open abdominal surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these techniques. ⋯ Device-related costs of using CWI for pain management after abdominal laparotomy are partly counterbalanced by a reduction in resource consumption. The cost-effectiveness analysis suggests that CWI is the dominant treatment strategy for managing postoperative pain (i.e. more effective and less costly) in comparison with i.v.-PCA. When compared with EDA, CWI is less costly with almost equivalent efficacy. This economic evaluation may be useful for clinicians to design algorithms for pain management after major abdominal surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Prospective randomized comparison of ultrasound-guided and neurostimulation techniques for continuous interscalene brachial plexus block in patients undergoing coracoacromial ligament repair.
There are few data comparing the onset time of interscalene brachial plexus block performed using ultrasound (US) guidance or nerve stimulation (NS) technique for elective coracoacromial ligament repair. ⋯ Block onset times and success rate were similar whether NS or US was used, although US guidance allowed shorter procedural times, fewer needle punctures, and fewer vascular punctures.
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Microvascular dysfunction is considered to play an important pathophysiological role in sepsis. We addressed the hypothesis that macrovascular and microvascular flow are uncoupled in early sepsis, using a rodent model with well-characterized haemodynamic and biochemical markers of severity and subsequent mortality. ⋯ Microvascular flow is impaired during early sepsis and uncoupled from macrovascular function. The severity of macrovascular/cardiovascular compromise in early sepsis is not reflected by microvascular changes. Furthermore, surgery alone causes significant microvascular derangement, highlighting the importance of appropriate control subjects when using this technique.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of pre-exposure to sevoflurane on the bispectral index in women undergoing Caesarean delivery under general anaesthesia.
Patients undergoing Caesarean delivery under inhalation anaesthesia are at a high risk of awareness, especially in the period before delivery. We assessed the effects of pre-exposure to sevoflurane on the bispectral index (BIS) in the interval before delivery. ⋯ Pre-exposure to low concentrations of sevoflurane reduced BIS values in the interval before delivery, suggesting that this approach may reduce the risk of maternal awareness. Clinical Research Information Service (code KCT0000069, http://cris.cdc.go.kr).