British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Caudal dexmedetomidine combined with bupivacaine inhibit the response to hernial sac traction in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair.
Caudal bupivacaine is widely used for inguinal hernia repair in children, but often cannot totally eliminate responses to hernial sac traction. The current study examined whether supplementation of caudal bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine could achieve better results. ⋯ The addition of dexmedetomidine to caudal bupivacaine could reduce the response to hernial sac traction, and prolong the duration of postoperative analgesia in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair.
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Review Meta Analysis
Role of therapeutic hypothermia in improving outcome after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.
This systematic review delineates the effect of primary therapeutic hypothermia (PTH) (initiated on presentation of the patient) on both mortality and neurological outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury. The safety profile of the therapy is also assessed. A systematic search of the following databases was performed: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Zetoc database of conference proceedings, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the clinicaltrials.gov website, up to July 28, 2011. ⋯ Hypothermia was associated with cerebrovascular disturbances on rewarming and possibly with pneumonia in adult patients. Given the quality of the data currently available, no benefit of PTH on mortality or neurological morbidity could be identified. The therapy should therefore only be used within the confines of well-designed clinical trials.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Stroke volume optimization in elective bowel surgery: a comparison between pulse power wave analysis (LiDCOrapid) and oesophageal Doppler (CardioQ).
Goal-directed fluid therapy improves outcome in major surgery. We evaluated a new device (LiDCOrapid) against our standard oesophageal Doppler method (ODM) for stroke volume (SV) optimization during colorectal surgery. ⋯ LiDCOrapid and ODM devices are not interchangeable. We cannot recommend that the LiDCOrapid replace the standard Doppler method until further device-specific outcome studies on volume optimization are available. The dynamic indices SVV and PPV add little value to a fluid optimization protocol, and should not replace SV measurements with a validated technique.
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Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication after cardiac surgery. Clinical factors alone have failed to accurately predict the incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery. Ethnicity has been shown to be a predictor of AKI in the Western population. We tested the hypothesis that ethnicity is an independent predictor of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery in a South East Asian population. ⋯ Indians and Malays have a higher risk of developing AKI after cardiac surgery than Chinese in a South East Asian population. Ethnicity was shown to be an independent predictor of AKI after cardiac surgery.