British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of nefopam and pethidine in postoperative pain.
A double-blind, between-patient, two-dose comparison was comparison was performed with pethidine and nefopam in 100 subjects, the majority of whom were recovering from upper abdominal surgery. Either 15 or 30 mg of nefopam or 50 or 100 mg of pethidine were given by i.m. injection in a random order. All assessments were made by the same observer on the first day after operation, at least 4 h after the previous analgesic injection. ⋯ Pethidine 100 mg provided significantly better pain relief than nefopam 30 mg, the latter being not more effective than nefopam 15 mg apart from the duration of analgesia which was longer. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was similar after both drugs. Sweating and tachycardia were observed more frequently after nefopam, whereas sedative side-effects were more common after pethidine.
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Low-frequency (1.6-2.2 Hz) and weak-intensity electrical stimulation in the spinal extradural space produced complete to partial pain relief in a majority of patients (22 of 25) who suffered from intractable pain. Also it produced analgesia or hypoalgesia over a wide area of the body surface in 19 of the 25.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Flunitrazepam compared with althesin as an induction agent in balanced anaesthesia.
The effects of flunitrazepam and Althesin as anaesthetic induction agents were studied in a double-blind trial in 97 patients undergoing abdominal or gynaecological surgery. There was no difference between the two preparations in respect of the quality of induction. ⋯ Recovery was more rapid from Althesin anaesthesia. A low incidence of nausea was observed in both groups.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Spread of extradural analgesia following caudal injection in children. A statistical study.
Data on the segmental spread of analgesia from three independent studies of caudal extradural blocks in children with three different local anaesthetic agents were examined with multiple regression techniques to find the effects of age on dose requirements. All three studies confirmed the existence of a linear relationship between the spread of analgesia and age. ⋯ By injecting a mixture of a radio-opaque substance and 4% lignocaine it was shown by comparison of the radiological spread of the solution and the distribution of clinical analgesia that the latter always exceeded the former by four to six segments. This may indicate the occurrence of diffusion.