International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Mar 2021
In-vitro and in-vivo performance modeling and optimization of different dry powder inhalers: a complementary study of neural networks, genetic algorithms, and decision trees.
Aerosol delivery from DPIs could be affected by different factors. This study aimed to evaluate and predict the effects of different factors on drug delivery from DPIs. ⋯ Modelling of the input data showed a good differentiating and prediction power for both in vitro and in vivo models. The results of the modelling refer to the high efficacy of Diskus followed by Turbohaler for delivering aerosol. With two inhalations, the three DPIs showed an increase in the percent of drug excreted at slow inhalations.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Mar 2021
Gender differences in incidence and in-hospital outcomes of community-acquired, ventilator-associated and nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonias in Spain.
We aim to compare the incidence and in-hospital outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) according to gender. ⋯ Our findings show a difference between females and males, with females presenting a lower incidence of all types of pneumonia. However, female gender was a risk factor for IHM after VAP.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Mar 2021
Identifying the predictors of estimated glomerular filtration rate after partial nephrectomy with a nonlinear regression model.
To evaluate the effect of partial nephrectomy on renal function and to identify predictors of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 6 months after partial nephrectomy. ⋯ Baseline eGFR values, tumour size, and presence of hypertension are significant predictors of eGFR values in the mid-term in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Mar 2021
Association between thiazolidinedione use and rheumatoid arthritis risk in patients with type II diabetes, a population-based, case-control study.
A previous study revealed that PPARγ agonists have anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Furthermore, some studies have shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may elicit the development of RA. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the use of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) is associated with a lower risk of developing RA in patients with T2DM. ⋯ TZD use might reduce the risk of RA in patients with T2DM, but it was non-statistically significant. Further research is necessary to assess this association.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Mar 2021
Use of potentially inappropriate medications among older outpatients and inpatients in a tertiary care hospital in Malaysia.
Older individuals are seemingly having more medical conditions, which predispose them to a greater risk of polypharmacy. Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), including those having anticholinergic and sedative properties, are common in their prescriptions, often associated with functional decline and negative health outcomes. Thus, this study reports proportions of inappropriate drugs and drug burden exposures and its correlation with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among cognitively intact older adults admitted to a ward or visiting the outpatient clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Malaysia. ⋯ Proportions of PIMs and DBI exposure were significantly higher in an inpatient setting. No significant correlations between exposures to inappropriate medications or drug burden and PROs were observed.