International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
Review Meta AnalysisPit and Fissure Sealant versus Fluoride Varnish for the Prevention of Dental Caries in School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Children's dental health has become the main concern, due to the increase in caries prevalence amongst children. Pit and fissure sealant (PFS) and fluoride varnish (FV) are effective measures for preventing dental caries. However, the clinical efficacy of these interventions when compared to one another is uncertain. ⋯ Three included trial reported caries increment of first permanent molars (FPM) with 24 months of follow-up, there was no statistical significance (RR: 0.65; 95% CI 0.31 to 1.35; P = 0.26 I2 = 89%). As regards DMFS increment, the analysis showed no statistical differences between FV and PFS in terms of lowering DMFS increment (MD: 0.09; 95% CI: -0.03 to 0.21). Findings of this meta-analysis proved there is no significant difference between PFS and FV in caries prevention efficacy of FPMs at 2 years' follow-up, emphasizing the use of FV since it is more affordable and easier to apply.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
ReviewThe Effect of Heparin and Its Preparations on Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Mortality and Hospitalization: A Systematic Review.
The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched systematically up to November 2021. The quality of RCTs was assessed by Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the risk of bias was assessed for cohort studies through NOS score. ⋯ We concluded that administration of heparin and its preparations in DIC patients could reduce the mortality rate and duration of hospitalization, especially in the earlier stages of DIC.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
Meta AnalysisMetformin Use and Mortality in Women with Ovarian Cancer: An Updated Meta-Analysis.
Previous observational studies and meta-analysis suggested a possible association between metformin use and reduced mortality in women with ovarian cancer (OC). However, clinical factors that may influence the relationship remain poorly evaluated. We performed an updated meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the above association and to observe the potential influences of study characteristics on the association. ⋯ Metformin use is associated with reduced mortality in women with OC, which may be independent of the diabetic status of the controls, timing of metformin use, or adjustment of BMI and concurrent medications. Clinical trials are needed to validate the potential benefits of metformin on survival of OC.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
Meta AnalysisImpact of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Surgical Outcomes in Women with Invasive Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Currently, whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be routinely applied to patients with breast cancer before surgery remains controversial. A pooled analysis of the association between preoperative MRI and surgical outcomes in female patients with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer was conducted to provide evidence-based medicine for clinical practice. ⋯ Available evidence suggests that preoperative MRI examination increases the rate of mastectomy and reduces the rate of reoperations. The results indicate that preoperative MRI examination has the potential to benefit patients with breast cancer, but more high-quality studies are needed for confirmation.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Jan 2022
ReviewAssessment and Mitigation of Cardiovascular Risk for Prostate Cancer Patients: A Review of the Evidence.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common comorbidity in patients with prostate cancer. In this review, we summarize the published literature on the association of cardiovascular risk with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) treatment and explore the potential differences between the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and antagonists and the molecular mechanisms that may be involved. We also provide a practical outlook on the identification of underlying CV risk and explore the different stratification tools available. ⋯ Given all the data that is currently available, identification of baseline CV risk factors may be key to risk mitigation in patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT.