European journal of pain : EJP
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Observational Study
Blood monoamines as potential biomarkers for conditioned pain modulation efficacy: An exploratory study in paediatrics.
Monoaminergic pathways are involved in the process of pain inhibition and facilitation. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of blood monoamines as biomarkers of conditioned pain modulation (CPM) efficacy. ⋯ We were able to demonstrate an association between CPM and circulating monoamines. In the clinical setting, sampling ME could provide the clinician an idea of the individual's pain modulation potential. This may be particularly important for children with cognitive impairment, for whose CPM paradigm cannot be used.
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Chronic pain is often accompanied by comorbidities like anxiety and depression. The temporal correlations, as well as the underlying mechanisms of these reciprocal correlations, are unclear. Moreover, preclinical studies examining emotional behaviour are very controversial, and a chronological analysis of anxiety-like behaviour in mouse pain models considering both genders has not been performed so far. ⋯ Anxiety-like behaviour is not primarily altered following CFA and SNI in C57BL6 mice, irrespective of the gender, mouse sub-strain, housing conditions or affected body side within the herein investigated time period.
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Withdrawal symptoms have been widely shown to be a useful indicator of the severity of opioid dependence. One of the most used instruments to assess them is the Adjective Rating Scale for Withdrawal (ARSW). However, there is a lack of adaptations and validations for its use with prescription opioids, even less for chronic pain patients under treatment with these analgesics. Thus, the aims of this study were to analyse the psychometric properties and invariance across gender of the ARSW in a sample of chronic noncancer pain patients. ⋯ Findings supported the reliability and validity of the ARSW to assess withdrawal of prescription opioids in individuals with chronic noncancer pain. The instrument can be applied indistinctly in men and women. An increase in the ARSW scores could be used as an indicator of potential risk of prescription opioid-use disorder during long-term treatments.
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Pathologies that affect the bone marrow have a significant inflammatory component; however, it is not clear how inflammatory mediators affect nociceptive nerve terminals within the marrow cavity. ⋯ Most pathologies that affect the bone marrow have an inflammatory component. We have used a model of carrageenan-induced inflammation to show that sequestration of artemin reduces inflammation-induced activation and sensitization of bone marrow nociceptors. Our findings suggest that artemin signalling is a target for the treatment of inflammatory bone pain.
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Neuraxial opioids are widely used for intraoperative and post-operative analgesia. The risk of severe adverse effects including respiratory depression accompanies this analgesia, prompting the need for effective non-opioid alternatives. Systemic 1-amino-1-cyclobutanecarboxylic acid showed promise in preliminary studies to produce antinociception without observable toxicity. However, the effects of 1-amino-1-cyclobutanecarboxylic acid after intrathecal administration are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether intrathecal administration of 1-amino-1-cyclobutanecarboxylic acid produces antinociceptive effects in murine models and to elucidate its site and receptor mechanism of action. ⋯ The novel, non-opioid analgesic, 1-amino-1-cyclobutanecarboxylic acid, produced robust, reversible and localized antinociception in murine models of pain. This study provides evidence supporting further investigation and development of 1-amino-1-cyclobutanecarboxylic acid as a non-opioid spinal analgesic.