The British journal of surgery
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Management of the axilla in operable breast cancer treated by breast conservation: a randomized clinical trial. Edinburgh Breast Unit.
In the treatment of operable breast cancer by breast conservation, the extent of axillary dissection, the need for radiotherapy to the axilla and the morbidity associated with these procedures have not been assessed adequately. ⋯ A selective policy for the management of the axilla is associated with no increase in axillary recurrence or mortality rate compared with routine axillary node clearance. Patients who are node negative after axillary sample can avoid radiotherapy or axillary clearance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Quantifying the risks of hypertension, age, sex and smoking in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a community-based sample of men and women aged 65-79 years was correlated with known risk factors. In addition, the effect of high blood pressure and the use of antihypertensive medication on growth of AAAs were studied. ⋯ Male sex, smoking and hypertension are strong risk factors for the development of AAA. In this study hypertension did not significantly increase the growth rate of existing aneurysms. Smoking remains the most important avoidable risk factor for AAA. The analyses presented here suggest that selection for screening, other than by age and sex, is not worthwhile.