The British journal of surgery
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Multiple treatment options are generally available for most diseases. Shared decision-making (SDM) helps patients and physicians choose the treatment option that best fits a patient's preferences. This review aimed to assess the extent to which SDM is applied during surgical consultations, and the metrics used to measure SDM and SDM-related outcomes. ⋯ At present, SDM in surgery is still in its infancy, although surgeons and patients both think of it favourably. Future studies should evaluate the effect of new interventions to improve SDM during surgical consultations, and its assessment using available standardized and validated metrics.
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Acquiring new motor skills to learn complex movements and master the use of a diverse range of instruments is fundamental for developing expertise in surgery. Although aspects of skill development occur through trial and error, watching the performance of another individual (action observation) is an increasingly important adjunct for the acquisition of these complex skills before performing a procedure. The aim of this review was to examine the evidence in support of the use of action observation in surgery. ⋯ Observational learning is an effective method for learning surgical skills. An improved understanding of observational learning may further inform the refinement and use of these methods in contemporary surgical training curricula.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Cost-effectiveness of revascularization in patients with intermittent claudication.
Revascularization is a treatment option for patients with intermittent claudication. However, there is a lack of evidence to support its long-term benefits and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of revascularization and best medical therapy (BMT) with that of BMT alone. ⋯ The costs associated with revascularization together with BMT in patients with intermittent claudication were about four times higher than those of BMT alone. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of revascularization was within the accepted threshold for public willingness to pay according to the Swedish National Guidelines, but exceeded that of the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines.
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Multicenter Study
CCR-CARESS score for predicting operative mortality in patients with colorectal cancer.
The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with outcomes after surgery for colorectal cancer and to design and internally validate a simple score for predicting perioperative mortality. ⋯ Elderly patients with co-morbidity and palliative intention of surgery have an unacceptably high risk of death.
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Treatment of supraclavicular nodes remains controversial among patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This study assessed the outcomes of patients who underwent oesophagectomy with or without supraclavicular lymphadenectomy after neoadjuvant treatment. ⋯ For patients with clinically negative supraclavicular lymph nodes, prophylactic supraclavicular lymphadenectomy may be omitted when neoadjuvant treatment is administered.