The British journal of surgery
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The accuracy with which healthcare professionals (HCPs) and risk prediction tools predict outcomes after major lower limb amputation (MLLA) is uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of predicting short-term (30 days after MLLA) mortality, morbidity, and revisional surgery. ⋯ Clinicians predicted mortality and MLLA revision well, but predicted morbidity poorly. They overestimated the risk of mortality, morbidity, and MLLA revision. Most short-term risk prediction tools had poorer discrimination or calibration than HCPs. The best method of predicting mortality was a statistical tool that incorporated HCP estimation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Antibiotic prophylaxis in breast cancer surgery (PAUS trial): randomised clinical double-blind parallel-group multicentre superiority trial.
Participants were patients with invasive breast cancer undergoing primary surgery. The aim was to test whether a single dose of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid would reduce wound infection at 30 days postoperatively, and to identify risk factors for infection. ⋯ N0399145605 (National Research Register).
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Individuals with a non-syndromic family history of colorectal cancer are known to have an increased risk. There is an opportunity to prevent early-onset colorectal cancer (age less than 50 years) (EOCRC) in this population. The aim was to explore the proportion of EOCRC that is preventable due to family history of colorectal cancer. ⋯ ESGE, USMSTF, and NCCN criteria for familial colorectal cancer were met in 6.3, 9.4, and 30.4 per cent of patients with EOCRC respectively. In these patients, early detection and/or prevention could be achieved in 52, 70, and 51.4 per cent respectively. Early and accurate identification of familial colorectal cancer risk and increase in the uptake of early colonoscopy are key to decreasing familial EOCRC.
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Multicenter Study
Pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: multicentre East Asian and Dutch database comparison.
Patients with different ethnic and genetic backgrounds may respond differently to anticancer therapies. This study aimed to assess whether patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in East Asia had an inferior pathological response compared with patients treated in Northwest Europe. ⋯ Regional differences in responses to CROSS nCRT for oesophageal cancer were apparent, the origin of which will need evaluation.