Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Mar 2011
Case ReportsGranulomatous conduit for intrathecal infusion of morphine and bupivacaine.
Intrathecal drug delivery systems (IT-DDSs) have gained more widespread use in patients with non-cancer-related pain, notably failed back surgery syndrome and spinal arachnoiditis. Secondary to the longer life spans of these patients, more complications have been discovered with IT-DDSs. With an estimated incidence of 1% to 3%, an uncommon but serious complication is that of granuloma formation. ⋯ This case report reinforces the view that the infusate is the causal agent of this lesion.