Regional anesthesia and pain medicine
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jan 1999
ReviewNeuraxial techniques for cancer pain: an opinion about unresolved therapeutic dilemmas.
Epidural and intrathecal techniques are well established for minimizing cancer pain. However, several issues remain unresolved. ⋯ A subcutaneous tunnelling and fixation of the catheter, bacterial filters, minimum changes of tubings, weekly exit site care, site protection, and monitoring for any signs of infection are suggested for advanced cancer patients. Areas still needing clarification include the optimum use of spinal adjuvants, the appropriate spinal morphine-bupivacaine ratio, methods to improve spinal opioid responsiveness, and long-term catheter management during home-care programs.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Nov 1998
ReviewCommentary: neurotoxicity of local anesthetics--an issue or a scapegoat?
To evaluate the etiologies of cauda equina syndrome (CES) and transient radicular irritation (TRI) or transient neurologic symptoms (TNSs) following hyperbaric spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Cauda equina syndrome is, in all probability, explainable. Further investigation to pinpoint the etiology of TRI (TNSs) is needed.