Journal of clinical monitoring and computing
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J Clin Monit Comput · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialPassive continuous positive airway pressure ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a randomized cross-over manikin simulation study.
While controlled ventilation is most frequently used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and passive ventilation of the lung synchronously with chest compressions and decompressions might represent a promising alternative approach. One benefit of CPAP during CPR is the reduction of peak airway pressures and therefore a potential enhancement in haemodynamics. We therefore evaluated the tidal volumes and airway pressures achieved during CPAP-CPR. ⋯ High peak airway pressures are known to limit the applicability of ventilation via facemask or via supraglottic airway devices and may adversely affect haemodynamics. Hence, the application of ventilators generating high tidal volumes with low peak airway pressures appears desirable during CPAP-CPR. The limited CPAP-CPR capabilities of transport ventilators in our study might be prerequisite for future developments of transport ventilators.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialIntraoperative auditory evoked potential recordings are more reliable at signal detection from different sensor sites on the forehead compared to bispectral index.
Bispectral index (BIS) and auditory evoked potential (AEP) monitoring require the attachment of forehead sensors, posing difficulties when the surgical field involves the forehead. This study analyzed the relationship between BIS values and AEP indices from different sites on the head to establish alternative sensor locations for AEP recording. Thirty patients scheduled for elective surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia were randomly assigned to the forehead, nose or mandible groups (n = 10 patients per group). ⋯ The z-transformed coefficient in the forehead group was the same as the nose group (p = 0.24) and significantly different in the mandible group (p = 0.0046). These findings suggest that AEPs can be accurately recorded from sensors placed on the nose. Nasal AEP might be useful for monitoring electrical activity in the brain during surgeries involving the forehead.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of intraoperative volume and pressure-controlled ventilation modes in patients who undergo open heart surgery.
Respiratory problems occur more frequently in patients who undergo open heart surgery. Intraoperative and postoperative ventilation strategies can prevent these complications and reduce mortality. We hypothesized that PCV would have better effects on gas exchange, lung mechanics and hemodynamics compared to VCV in CABG surgery. ⋯ The hemodynamic effects of both ventilation modes were found to be similar. PVC may be preferable to VCV in patients who undergo open heart surgery. However, it would be convenient if our findings are supported by similar studies.