Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A smoking cessation intervention plus proactive quitline referral in the pediatric emergency department: a pilot study.
The prevalence of adult tobacco users who utilize the emergency department as patients or parents is disproportionately higher than the national average rates of tobacco use. Thus, it is advised that the emergency department be utilized as a venue for providing tobacco cessation counseling to adult tobacco users. Using a randomized control trial design, this pilot study evaluated the effect of a brief tobacco cessation intervention for tobacco using parents of children brought to a pediatric emergency department. ⋯ Quitline counselors were unable to reach 54% of participants. Our results reveal increased intentions to quit and trends toward quitting, however we experienced difficulties with participant retention. Suggestions for improvements in point prevalence and retention are given.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of biomarkers of exposure to selected cigarette smoke constituents in adult smokers switched to carbon-filtered cigarettes in short-term and long-term clinical studies.
Cigarette smoke is a complex aerosol that includes a gas vapor phase and a particulate phase. Inclusion of activated carbon in the cigarette filter can reduce some of the gas-phase smoke constituents implicated as toxicologically relevant. The present study evaluated exposure to selected gas-phase constituents when adult smokers switched to prototype cigarettes with a highly activated carbon filter. ⋯ The reductions continued consistently (p<.001) throughout the long-term studies. Switching to test cigarettes minimally affected the particulate-phase biomarkers. Statistically significant and consistent reductions in selected gas vapor phase biomarkers were observed when smokers switched to activated carbon filter cigarettes.