Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
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Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. · Sep 2018
ReviewThe evolving landscape of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: a critical review of the evidence for adding docetaxel or abiraterone to androgen deprivation.
Until 2015, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone was the standard-of-care for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). In 2015, the CHAARTED and STAMPEDE-Docetaxel studies demonstrated marked survival benefit with the addition of docetaxel to ADT in the mHSPC setting, leading to a change in the standard-of-care for mHSPC. The recent LATITUDE and STAMPEDE-Abiraterone trials showed similar substantial improvement in survival with the addition of abiraterone plus prednisone to ADT in this space. ⋯ The management of mHSPC is evolving. Abiraterone plus prednisone in addition to ADT has emerged as an alternative standard-of-care to docetaxel plus ADT, and ongoing trials should clarify whether combination vs. sequential approaches with AR-targeting agents and taxane chemotherapy are preferred for initial management in the hormone-sensitive setting.
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Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. · Jun 2018
Risk of incident benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with gout: a retrospective cohort study.
This retrospective cohort study evaluated the association between gout and the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia among men by using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. ⋯ Our results suggest that male gout is positively related to benign prostatic hyperplasia, particularly in young gout patients and those with gouty nephropathy.
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Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. · Jun 2017
TCF7 is suppressed by the androgen receptor via microRNA-1-mediated downregulation and is involved in the development of resistance to androgen deprivation in prostate cancer.
Resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) represents a key step in the malignant progression of prostate cancer, and mutation to androgen receptor (AR) is one major driver to an androgen-independent phenotype. However, alternative oncogenic pathways that bypass AR signaling have emerged as an important mechanism promoting resistance to ADT. It is known that AR activation can prevent the interaction between β-catenin and T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer-binding factor (TCF/LEF) family, inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to determine the role of transcription factor 7 (TCF7), a transcription factor best known as a Wnt effector that forms a complex with β-catenin, in the development of advanced prostate cancer. We further investigated the molecular mechanisms by which TCF7 is induced when AR signaling is inactivated. ⋯ We demonstrated that the AR-miR-1 axis negatively regulates the novel oncogenic factor, TCF7. Dysregulation of TCF7 promoted a survival advantage and resistance to androgen deprivation, suggesting its therapeutic potential for castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. · Jun 2016
Review Meta AnalysisPatient experience in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: state of the science.
Contemporary therapies for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have shown survival improvements, which do not account for patient experience and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). ⋯ Recently published randomized clinical trials of new agents for mCRPC have captured elements of the patient experience while on treatment. Further research is required to standardize methods for measuring, quantifying and reporting on HRQoL and pain in patients with mCRPC in the clinical practice setting.
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Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. · Sep 2015
Improved detection of anterior fibromuscular stroma and transition zone prostate cancer using biparametric and multiparametric MRI with MRI-targeted biopsy and MRI-US fusion guidance.
The objective of this study was to analyze the potential of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI/transrectal ultrasound-fusion biopsies to detect and to characterize significant prostate cancer (sPC) in the anterior fibromuscular stroma (AFMS) and in the transition zone (TZ) of the prostate and to assess the accuracy of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and biparametric MRI (bpMRI) (T2w and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)). ⋯ MRI-targeted biopsies detected significantly more anteriorly located sPC compared with SBs in the repeat-biopsy setting. The more cost-efficient bpMRI was statistically not inferior to mpMRI in sPC detection in TZ/AFMS.