Oncotarget
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Early prognostication of neurological outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest (CA) is important for devising patient treatment strategies. However, there is still a lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers for easy identification of these patients. We evaluated whether molecular signatures from blood of CA patients might help to improve the prediction of neurological outcome. ⋯ We identify three biomarkers as potential predictors of neurological outcome following CA. Further assessment of the prognostic value of transcriptomic analysis in larger cohorts of CA patients is needed.
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Treatment of remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia (RIH) remains a clinical challenge because the mechanisms are not fully understood. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a key component in neuroinflammation because of its facilitation of pro-inflammatory cytokine maturation. Therefore, inhibition of MMP-9 may represent a novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of RIH. ⋯ Intraperitoneal injection of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), a broadly used safe drug, significantly attenuated RIH via suppressing the activation of MMP-9 in DRGs. NAC inhibited the cleavage of IL-1β in DRGs, which is a critical substrate of MMP-9, and markedly suppressed glial activation and neuron excitability in spinal dorsal horn induced by remifentanil. These results demonstrated that NAC can effectively alleviate RIH via powerfully inhibiting MMP-9 activation in DRGs.
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Meta Analysis
Impact of diabetes on the risk of bedsore in patients undergoing surgery: an updated quantitative analysis of cohort studies.
Diabetes is a major cause of morbidity for patients undergoing surgery and can increase the incidence of some postoperative complications such as bedsores. We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to examine whether patients with diabetes undergoing surgery had high risk of bedsore. We performed a systematic literature search in Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials database from inception to November 2016. ⋯ There was evidence of publication bias among studies and a sensitivity analysis using the Duval and Tweedie "trim-and-fill" method did not significantly alter the pooled results (adjusted RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.36). This meta-analysis provides indications that diabetic patients undergoing surgery could have a higher risk of developing bedsores. Further large-scale prospective trials should be implemented to comfirm the association.
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To investigate the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutation status in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Yunnan province in southwestern China, we detected EGFR mutation by Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using DNA samples from 447 pathologically confirmed NSCLC specimens (175 tissue, 256 plasma and 16 cytologic samples). The relationship between EGFR mutations and demographic and clinical factors were further explored. Subgroup analyses according to sample type (tissue and plasma) and histological type (adenocarcinoma) were done. ⋯ Generally, EGFR mutation rate and pattern in Yunnan province was in accord with other Asian populations. However, Xuanwei subgroup showed strikingly divergent EGFR mutation spectrum from other general population. Our analysis also indicated that cftDNA analysis for EGFR mutations detection was feasibility for the patients lacking sufficient tissue for molecular analyses.
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CD103 is the αE subunit of αEβ7 integrin that is expressed in tissue-resident memory T cells, where it promotes cytotoxic T cell responses against tumors. However, little is known about its expression or clinicopathological implications in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study investigated the prognostic implications of CD103+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in NSCLC. ⋯ According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, high intratumoral but not stromal CD103+ TILs were associated with prolonged DFS and OS in patients with resected pSCC (P = 0.021 and 0.002, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that a high number of intratumoral CD103+ TILs is an independent predictor of a more favorable DFS (P = 0.021). Thus, a high number of intratumoral CD103+ TILs is a favorable prognostic indicator in patients with pSCC.