Diseases of the colon and rectum
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Review
Lower limb acute compartment syndrome after colorectal surgery in prolonged lithotomy position.
Acute compartment syndrome in patients undergoing prolonged colorectal procedures is uncommon but can have catastrophic consequences for the patient with the development of metabolic acidosis, myoglobinuric renal failure, Volkmann's contracture, limb loss, and death. The potential to produce long-term disability in a patient has important medicolegal implications, particularly if the complication is avoidable. Why only some patients develop acute compartment syndrome is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to highlight current knowledge and suggested prevention strategies. ⋯ Acute compartment syndrome is uncommon but cases have been reported after prolonged pelvic procedures in the lithotomy position and it is a preventable condition. More research is required to set clear guidelines on patient positioning during surgery.