Diseases of the colon and rectum
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This study was designed to evaluate the long-term natural history of sigmoid diverticulitis in patients treated nonoperatively after a first acute episode and to assess the role of elective colectomy. ⋯ We propose that after a first acute episode of diverticulitis treated nonoperatively, elective colectomy should be offered to young patients (< or =50 years old) with severe diverticulitis on computed tomography.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Neorectal reservoir is not the functional principle of the colonic J-pouch: the volume of a short colonic J-pouch does not differ from a straight coloanal anastomosis.
Low anterior resection with coloanal anastomosis prevents a definitive stoma in patients with distal rectal cancer. However, imperative stool urge, stool fragmentation, prolonged stooling sessions, and minor problems of incontinence are frequently observed in the postoperative situation and negatively affect quality of life. Therefore, the colonic J-pouch was originally constructed to create a stool reservoir. In a randomized, prospective study, the short (5 cm) colonic J-pouch was tested for function and continence vs. straight coloanal anastomosis. ⋯ The colonic J-pouch was superior with regard to continence for gas and liquids compared with a straight coloanal anastomosis. Furthermore, stool frequency was significantly lower in the J-pouch group than in the coloanal reconstruction group. However, because neorectal capacity decreased equally in both groups, we speculate that the advantage of the colonic J-pouch is not in the creation of a larger neorectal reservoir but rather may be related to decreased motility.
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Although many methods of surgical and nonsurgical approaches for treatment of pilonidal sinus have been proposed, an optimal treatment modality has not been achieved yet. The aim of this study was to determine advantages, disadvantages, and long-term results of rhomboid excision and Limberg flap procedure. ⋯ Rhomboid excision and Limberg flap procedure can be performed for managing primary or recurrent pilonidal sinus with a low complication rate, short hospital stay, short time to return to normal activity, and good long-term results.
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The role of laparoscopic surgery in the cure of colorectal cancer is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term survival after curative, laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer. Specifically, we wanted to review those patients who now had complete five-year follow-up. ⋯ Laparoscopic colon resection for cancer is safe and feasible in a private setting. Our data suggest that long-term survival after laparoscopic colon resection for cancer is similar to survival after conventional surgery. Prospective, randomized trials presently under way will likely confirm these results.
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Comparative Study
Cost structure of laparoscopic and open sigmoid colectomy for diverticular disease: similarities and differences.
Although laparoscopic colectomy has demonstrated a variety of advantages, it remains unclear whether the reductions in length of stay and faster return of bowel function will offset potential increases in cost caused by operating time and instrumentation. The purpose of this study was to compare the direct cost structure of elective open and laparoscopic resection for sigmoid diverticulitis. ⋯ The data demonstrate that laparoscopic colectomy is a cost-effective means of electively managing sigmoid diverticular disease. This operative approach may become very important in an era of increasing constraints on hospital occupancy rates and access to nursing services in many regions of the country.