Indian J Med Res
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of ondansetron with metoclopramide in prevention of acute emesis associated with low dose & high dose cisplatin chemotherapy.
Nausea and vomiting remain the most distressing side effects of cancer chemotherapy. The present study aimed to study the efficacy and tolerability of ondansetron versus (vs) metoclopramide in different dose related grades of cisplatin induced acute emesis. ⋯ The results demonstrate dose related emetogenicity of cisplatin and superior antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron, especially against high dose cisplatin regimen. Dexamethasone potentiated efficacy of metoclopramide but not that of ondansetron. The combination of metoclopramide plus dexamethasone was found to be as efficacious as ondansetron monotherapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of inhalation of salbutamol, beclomethasone dipropionate & ipratropium bromide on mucociliary clearance in some patients with chronic stable bronchial asthma.
Asthma is now regarded as an inflammatory disease and bronchial inflammation may disrupt mucociliary function. Inhaled drugs may act by improving mucociliary function. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of salbutamol, ipratropium bromide and beclomethasone on mucociliary clearance in patients with chronic stable asthma and to compare the efficacy of these drugs on mucociliary clearance. ⋯ Inhalation of any of the three drugs tested did not produce any immediate improvement in mucociliary clearance as compared to placebo in patients with stable bronchial asthma suggesting the need for further studies using higher doses of drugs for longer duration in a large sample.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Epsilon aminocaproic acid in paediatric cardiac surgery to reduce postoperative blood loss.
We have studied the efficacy of epsilon aminocaproic acid in reducing postoperative blood loss in infants and children with congenital cyanotic cardiac anomalies undergoing corrective operative procedures. This prospective study was carried out on 170 infants and children randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A acted as the control group and received normal saline as placebo while group B patients received epsilon aminocaproic acid (100 mg/kg body wt) intravenously slowly soon after anaesthetic induction followed by 100 mg/kg in the cardiopulmonary bypass pump at the time of starting of cardiopulmonary bypass and 100 mg/kg after weaning from bypass over a period of 3 h. ⋯ Fibrin degradation products (split) in group A was 8.2 +/- 0.8 micrograms/ml, and group B 3.8 +/- 1.3 micrograms/ml, (P < 0.001). Reexploration rate was also considerably reduced in group B, 5 of 85 (6%) compared to group A, 13 of 85 (15%), (P < 0.001). It was found that epsilon aminocaproic acid is effective in reducing postoperative blood loss, packed red cells and plasma product requirements in paediatric patients undergoing corrective surgical procedures for congenital cyanotic heart diseases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of a home care programme for the mentally retarded children through training of the mother.
Mothers of 80 children of mild (IQ 50-70) and moderate (IQ 35-49) mental retardation were selected for the present study. A carefully developed home training programme was utilized to train half of the mothers, the other half forming the control group for the study. ⋯ In the experimental group there was a significant increase in the IQ and improvement in the behaviour of the children and significant improvement in the marital adjustment score, parental attitude and social burden felt by the mothers. There was no significant change in the control group in any of these variables.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
High versus low approach for internal jugular cannulation with double lumen catheters.
Double lumen cannulae were inserted through the right internal jugular vein (IJV) in 100 children, undergoing open heart surgery. High approach (n = 50, group I) of IJV cannulation was compared with low approach (n = 50, group II). In both the groups, hydromer coated double lumen polyurethane cannulae (Hydrocath) were introduced using Seldinger's technique; 98 per cent success rate was achieved in both the groups. ⋯ One patient in group I had carotid artery puncture. Catheter blockage occurred in one patient each in both the groups. Double lumen catheters are easy to insert and offer two lumens through single puncture site.