J Trauma
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Review Case Reports
Unreduced dislocation of the elbow: case report and review of the literature.
A case report of an unreduced dislocation of the elbow requiring late open reduction is presented, and the literature is reviewed. Early reduction of elbow dislocation, by closed or open means, is of paramount importance if good functional results are to be obtained. Closed reduction of an elbow dislocation is unlikely to be successful if attempted later than 21 days after the injury. The results are acceptable if open reduction is undertaken within 3 months of the injury, but after 6 months the results are disappointing and arthroplasty is an alternative.
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Review Case Reports
Ipsilateral radial head dislocation with radial shaft fracture: case report.
An extremely rare injury, traumatic radial head dislocation with concomitant fracture of the radial shaft, is reported. The dislocated radial head could not be reduced by closed technique because of capsular interposition. Reduction of the radial shaft fracture was possible only after the dislocation of the radial head was reduced.
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The nail gun is a potentially dangerous device that is commonly used in the construction industry to drive various sizes of nails into wood or concrete. These devices appear to be used without sufficient training and they can be easily obtained by the general public. ⋯ We call for a review of operator training and the design of both the safety mechanism of nail guns and the protective clothing worn by operators. If necessary, modifications should be introduced to reduce the likelihood and severity of such potentially serious injuries.
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We describe 14 patients with adrenal injuries from penetrating (ten) or blunt (four) trauma. The severity of their injuries was evidenced by the high incidence of hypovolemic shock (57%), mean Trauma Score (11), mean transfusion requirement (18 Units), number of associated injuries (4.9 per patient), complication rate (57%), and deaths (14%). Twelve patients required surgical exploration; adrenal repair, rather than removal, was possible in seven. Although adrenal insufficiency was suspected in three patients, it was not documented and no patient required corticosteroid replacement.