Gastroenterology
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Multicenter Study
Intestinal Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients With Gastrointestinal Symptoms.
Given that gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are a prominent extrapulmonary manifestation of COVID-19, we investigated intestinal infection with SARS-CoV-2, its effect on pathogenesis, and clinical significance. ⋯ These data highlight the absence of a proinflammatory response in the GI tract despite detection of SARS-CoV-2. In parallel, reduced mortality in patients with COVID-19 presenting with GI symptoms was observed. A potential role of the GI tract in attenuating SARS-CoV-2-associated inflammation needs to be further examined.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Relationship Between Combined Histologic and Endoscopic Endpoints and Efficacy of Ustekinumab Treatment in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.
Ustekinumab induces and maintains histologic improvement in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The clinical relevance of this endpoint alone, and in combination with endoscopic improvement, is unknown. ⋯ Data from the UNIFI program of ustekinumab in patients with UC treated with ustekinumab indicated the achievement of histo-endoscopic mucosal healing after induction therapy is associated with lower disease activity at the end of maintenance therapy than either histologic or endoscopic improvement alone. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02407236.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Improved Accuracy in Optical Diagnosis of Colorectal Polyps Using Convolutional Neural Networks with Visual Explanations.
Narrow-band imaging (NBI) can be used to determine whether colorectal polyps are adenomatous or hyperplastic. We investigated whether an artificial intelligence (AI) system can increase the accuracy of characterizations of polyps by endoscopists of different skill levels. ⋯ We developed a CNN that significantly increases the accuracy of evaluation of diminutive colorectal polyps (as adenomatous vs hyperplastic) and reduces the time of diagnosis by endoscopists. This AI assistance system significantly increased the accuracy of analysis by novice endoscopists, who achieved near-expert levels of accuracy without extra training. The CNN assistance system can reduce the skill-level dependence of endoscopists and costs.