World Neurosurg
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Cranial neuroendoscopy is becoming increasingly popular. Endoscopes may be used free-hand or with endoscope holders (EH). The aim of this paper is to summarize the evolution of EH and attempt an overview of currently available devices, features, and usage, identifying weaknesses and focusing on feasibility. ⋯ Although EH have a role in neuroendoscopy, their use seems to be limited and their features regarded as suboptimal. There are no clear indications regarding the procedures that should be performed using EH. Many factors affect the implication of EH, including safety, type of surgery, surgeon's preference, and mechanical properties.
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Review Historical Article
Mythological and Pre-Historical Origins of Neurosurgery.
Mythology has a cultural appeal, and the description of some neurosurgical procedures in the Hindu, Greek, Egyptian, and Chinese mythology has a bearing to the origins of our professions. The traces to some of our modern-day practices also can be linked back to the ancient prehistoric eras of the Siberian, Persian, and the Andean region. In this historical perspective, we briefly dwell into individual accounts through the prism of different cultures to highlight the development of neurosurgery in mythology and prehistoric era.
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There is an abundance of articles published on aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Bibliometric analyses are helpful in determining the most impactful studies within a field. ⋯ The current report provides an analysis of the most influential works in aSAH to describe trends in highly cited research and to provide a comprehensive list of the most influential literature in the field.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Application of the Ommaya reservoir in managing ventricular hemorrhage.
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the combined treatment of an Ommaya reservoir and conventional external ventricular drainage (EVD) using urokinase in the management of IVH. ⋯ The combined treatment approach of an Ommaya reservoir and EVD with intraventricular urokinase is safe and effective in patients with IVH. It increased clot clearance, shortened conventional catheter-based EVD duration, prolonged total drainage time, reduced the hydrocephalus incidence and mortality, and contributed to good clinical outcomes. The Ommaya reservoir provides a safe way to increase the injection times of urokinase, which accelerated clot resolution and did not increase the risk for ventriculitis infection.
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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor; however, extraneural metastasis is uncommon. Of those that metastasize extraneurally, metastases to the vertebral bodies represent a significant proportion. We present a review of 28 cases from the published literature of GBM metastasis to the vertebra. ⋯ A significant number of patients had no treatments for their spinal metastasis, although the intracranial lesions were treated extensively with surgery and/or adjuvant therapy. With increasing incremental gains in the survival of patients with GBM, clinicians will encounter patients with extracranial metastasis. As such, this review presents timely information concerning the presentation and outcomes of patients with vertebral metastasis.