World Neurosurg
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The incidences of metastatic brain tumors from gynecologic cancer have increased. The results of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for the treatment of patients with brain metastases from gynecologic cancer (ovarian, endometrial, and uterine cervical cancers) were retrospectively analyzed to identify the efficacy and prognostic factors for local tumor control and survival. ⋯ GKS is effective for control of tumor progression in patients with brain metastases from gynecologic cancer, and may provide neurologic benefits and preservation of the quality of life.
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Chronic ischemia in adult moyamoya disease (MMD) reduces the integrity of normal-appearing white matter (WM). We investigated whether covert WM impairment alters large-scale brain networks and specific neural circuits associated with neurocognitive dysfunction in MMD. Forty-six participants (control, n = 23; MMD, n = 23) were examined using diffusion tensor imaging and streamline tractography. ⋯ Reduced pairwise connectivity was found in prefrontal neural circuits within the middle/inferior frontal gyrus; supplementary motor area; and insular, inferior temporal, and dorsal cingulate cortices. Covert WM microstructural changes in patients with MMD alter large-scale brain networks, as well as lateral prefrontal neural circuits. Evaluation of structural connectivity may be useful to assess the severity of chronic ischemic injury from a network perspective.
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A bursting inflammation has been observed that compromises neurologic function in patients who experience stroke. We sought to examine the neuroprotective efficacy of 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol (OGOMV), a novel histone H3 phosphorylation epigenetic suppressor) in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). ⋯ Our study suggests that OGOMV could exert a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting the P13D/Akt protein, attenuating inflammation, and cleaved caspase-3- and -9a-related apoptosis. This study also lends credence to support the notion that the prevention of OGOMV could attenuate proinflammatory cytokine mRNA and late-onset caspases in tMCAO and merits further study.