World Neurosurg
-
Multiple recent studies have reported on diffusion tensor-based fiber tracking of cranial nerves in vestibular schwannoma, with conflicting results as to the accuracy of the method and the occurrence of cochlear nerve depiction. Probabilistic nontensor-based tractography might offer advantages in terms of better extraction of directional information from the underlying data in cranial nerves, which are of subvoxel size. ⋯ In a majority of cases, the position of the facial nerve, but not of the cochlear nerve, could be estimated by evaluation of the probabilistic tracking results. However, false depictions not corresponding to any nerve do occur and cannot be discerned as such from the image only.
-
Comparative Study
Identification of Driver Genes and Key Pathways of Pediatric Brain Tumor and Comparison of Molecular Pathogenesis Based on Pathological Types.
This study is to identify pediatric brain tumors (PBT) driver genes and key pathways to detect the expression of the driver genes and also to clarify the relationship between patients' prognosis and expression of driver genes. ⋯ SST, GAD2, and PVALB significantly decrease in glioma cells compared with normal glial cells. Survival analysis suggests that patients with high-expressed SST, GAD2, and PVALB have a longer overall and progression-free survival. The differential expressed genes identified in this study provide novel targets for diagnosis and treatment.
-
Nontraumatic spontaneous atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD) is rare. In this report, we discuss the technical steps of condylar joint fusion and stabilization (by screws and plates) in nontraumatic AOD. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report of such techniques. ⋯ Condylar joint stabilization and fusion may be a good or alternative option for AOD.
-
The teaching of neuroanatomy in medical education has historically been based on didactic instruction, cadaveric dissections, and intraoperative experience for students. Multiple novel 3-dimensional (3D) modalities have recently emerged. Among these, stereoscopic anaglyphic video is easily accessible and affordable, however, its effects have not yet formally been investigated. ⋯ Incorporation of 3D video instruction into curricula without careful integration is insufficient to promote learning over 2D video.
-
Neurological surgeons oftentimes educate patients and their families on complex medical conditions and treatment options. Time constraints and varied linguistic and cultural backgrounds limit the amount of information that can be disbursed. In this study, we assessed the linguistic validity of interactive educational interventions in non-English-speaking patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussion and their families. ⋯ Interactive iBook-based interventions on concussion and TBI can increase participants' comprehension, improve their comfort with their medical condition and the follow-up care, and enhance communication with their physicians. These findings are linguistically valid irrespective of the participants' native language or cultural background.