World Neurosurg
-
The role of isoprostanes in cerebral vasospasm (CVS) following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is controversial. Recent studies have suggested that the level of isoprostanes in cerebrospinal fluid could play a role in outcomes of patients with aSAH. We measured concentration of urinary F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), which is simple and noninvasive. ⋯ Urinary F2-IsoPs may be used as a noninvasive prognostic biochemical marker in patients with aSAH. F2-IsoP levels in urine may have significant implications in pathogenesis of CVS.
-
Comparative Study
Comparison of the Total and Hidden Blood Loss in Patients Undergoing Open and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.
This study examined the volume of hidden blood loss (HBL) and compared perioperative blood loss between minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) and open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (O-TLIF). ⋯ HBL is seriously underestimated and accounts for a large percentage of TBL in both MI-TLIF and O-TLIF. A correct understanding of HBL can ensure patient safety and improve postoperative rehabilitation.
-
Angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have recently been implicated in animal and clinical models of radiation-induced optic nerve, retinal, and brain necrosis. Although there are isolated case reports of anti-VEGF therapy with bevacizumab for management of radiation-induced brain necrosis, there are little data defining its role in radiation-induced optic nerve damage. ⋯ Early bevacizumab therapy in steroid-refractory RION shows gratifying results.
-
Chordomas and chondrosarcomas can occur in the skull base. Currently, 45% of chordomas and 56% of chondrosarcomas recur within 5 years of surgery. The role of adjuvant therapy is highly debated. No pharmacotherapies have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for chordomas or chondrosarcomas. High propensity for recurrence and lack of definitive adjuvant therapy necessitate additional basic science research to identify molecular anomalies associated with recurrent disease. ⋯ These data provide clinicians with a means to screen skull base chordomas and chondrosarcomas to help identify tumors with a propensity to recur. Many of these kinases can be efficaciously inhibited by Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs that have not yet been used in clinical trials for treatment of skull base chordomas or chondrosarcomas. Validation of kinases identified in this study may advance treatment options for patients with these tumors.
-
Comparative Study
Identification of Driver Genes and Key Pathways of Pediatric Brain Tumor and Comparison of Molecular Pathogenesis Based on Pathological Types.
This study is to identify pediatric brain tumors (PBT) driver genes and key pathways to detect the expression of the driver genes and also to clarify the relationship between patients' prognosis and expression of driver genes. ⋯ SST, GAD2, and PVALB significantly decrease in glioma cells compared with normal glial cells. Survival analysis suggests that patients with high-expressed SST, GAD2, and PVALB have a longer overall and progression-free survival. The differential expressed genes identified in this study provide novel targets for diagnosis and treatment.