World Neurosurg
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Therapeutic strategies for managing hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD) remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the optimal therapy for hemorrhagic MMD. ⋯ Surgical revascularization, especially a direct bypass regimen, may be the optimal strategy for treating hemorrhagic MMD.
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Review Case Reports
Sciatica Caused by Venous Varix Compression of the Sciatic Nerve.
The authors report the case of a 76-year-old woman presenting with leg pain, numbness, and weakness mimicking a lumbosacral radiculopathy. ⋯ Variceal compression is a rare cause of extraspinal origin of lower extremity radicular pain. It should be considered if there is lack of correlation between radiologic findings and the clinical picture or if there is a failure of response to treatment of the assumed spinal cause.
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This study aimed to summarize the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of pituitary metastasis. ⋯ Pituitary metastasis is a rare disease. Its diagnosis depends on the clinical manifestations and radiologic results. The primary therapeutic method is surgery and subsequent radiotherapy and chemotherapy; however, the prognosis of this disease is poor.
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The paramastoid process is a rare variation found on the occipital bone as an extension of its jugular process. In the literature, this process has been called many names including the paraoccipital, paracondylar, or parajugular process. The paramastoid process can articulate with the lateral aspect of the transverse process of the atlas creating clinical consequences and potentially resulting in diminished range of motion of the head. Herein, we describe the anatomy, embryology, prevalence, imaging, and clinical consequences of the paramastoid process in order to improve our understanding of this rare anatomic variation.
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Primary solitary intracranial malignant melanoma (PIMM) is extremely rare. In 1992, an extensive review of 81 patients with PIMM was undertaken. Imaging studies, microsurgery, and adjuvant therapy have developed considerably over the last 25 years, and targeted therapy recently has been proven successful for metastatic melanoma. These factors could influence current and future clinical PIMM results. ⋯ Gross total removal of the PIMM was the most promising treatment. Currently adjuvant therapy has not been associated with the survival period. To improve clinical outcome, immunotherapy and targeted therapies are likely to become more important.