World Neurosurg
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Arachnoid cysts yield cognitive deficits that are normalized after surgical cyst decompression. ⋯ Patients with arachnoid cyst have higher levels of anxiety and depression than do the general population and these scores were normalized after decompressive cyst surgery. We further found a hemispheric asymmetry: patients with a right temporal cyst showed higher anxiety, depression, and combined scores than did patients with a left temporal cyst. Also, this disparity normalized after cyst decompression. Thus, arachnoid cysts seem to affect not only cognition but also the level of affective symptoms.
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There are no standardized criteria to predict the prognosis of patients with low-grade gliomas. Therefore, novel prognostic biomarkers that can guide follow-up schedules and therapeutic approaches urgently are required in patients with low-grade gliomas. ⋯ High preoperative NLRs were significantly associated with greater relapse and poor prognosis in patients with WHO II gliomas.
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To compare the change in cervical range of motion (CROM) after the 2 most widely used techniques for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM): anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) and laminoplasty. ⋯ Both ACCF and laminoplasty cause significant CROM loss in patients with multilevel CSM. The laminoplasty technique preserved more CROM than ACCF in all 6 directions after at least 1 year of follow-up. These results can be used when counseling patients undergoing surgery.
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Hemiballism is a rare hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by involuntary, high-amplitude, unilateral flailing of upper or lower extremities or both. In the case of hemiballism refractory to pharmaceutical interventions, deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective primary neurosurgical treatment. DBS targets for hemiballism include the thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, and globus pallidus internus (GPi). ⋯ Evidence gathered from the literature indicates that GPi-DBS is an effective treatment for hemiballism, especially after neuroleptics have failed. Results from various case studies of GPi-DBS used to treat hemiballism reveal improved motor ability and decreased dyskinesia, although degree of improvement may vary. More studies are required to establish which DBS target requires the least amount of stimulation to treat hemiballism.
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Case Reports
Mirroring with Indocyanine Green Angiography in Aneurysm Surgery: Technical Note and Case Presentations.
The authors used a micromirror under a microscope with an indocyanine green (ICG) imaging system to assess clipped aneurysms and the blood flow in hidden regions during aneurysm surgery. This study then investigated the usefulness of such mirroring with ICG angiography (MICGA). ⋯ MICGA can provide useful and reliable information on the state of a clipped aneurysm and the blood flow of associated vessels and perforators in a hidden region after aneurysm clipping.