World Neurosurg
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To compare vertebral morphology among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), patients with Chiari I malformation (CMS)-associated scoliosis, and normal control subjects, with the goal of determining the role of anterior column overgrowth in the development of AIS. ⋯ Faster growth of the anterior spinal column was confirmed by longer vertebral bodies and shorter pedicles in both patient groups. Relative anterior spinal overgrowth of the thoracic spine is not involved in the initiation of AIS, and the abnormal growth pattern of the vertebral body in AIS might be a secondary change to the spinal curve.
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Case Reports
Stand-alone balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of a traumatic burst fracture in a pediatric patient: case report.
Kyphoplasty is commonly employed in the treatment of compression fractures in the elderly and is increasingly used in the treatment of adult trauma along with concomitant instrumentation. Although kyphoplasty with instrumentation has been reported in pediatric patients, concerns regarding retardation of spinal growth and iatrogenic spinal deformity have been raised. The utilization of kyphoplasty without instrumentation has yet to be reported in the case of pediatric patients. ⋯ Kyphoplasty alone without instrumentation is a less invasive means to treat these patients and also prevents iatrogenic deformity or retardation of growth in the pediatric spine.
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To investigate the efficacy and safety of a prophylactic intravenous administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) 30 minutes before skin incision on perioperative blood loss in patients treated with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). ⋯ A prophylactic intravenous administration of TXA 30 minutes before skin incision effectively reduces the perioperative blood loss, duration of tube drainage, and hospitalization time, and it does not increase the risk of complications. However, TXA may not be able to decrease the rate of blood transfusion.
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Poor sanitation, poor hygiene, and archaic cooking practices have led to neurocysticercosis (NCC) being endemic in India. Apart from a cortical location that leads to seizures, intraventricular NCC can present with hydrocephalus and sudden deterioration in sensorium. Consequently, endoscopic excision plays an important role in its treatment because a dilated ventricle offers a minimally invasive and less traumatic route to the pathology. ⋯ An endoscopic approach is a feasible and safe tool for treating this disease. Technical nuances such as entry point and trajectory of endoscope need to be kept in mind while operating.
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An epidermoid cyst arising from diploic space in the skull can cause an intracranial mass effect with compression of the underlying venous sinuses. ⋯ Development of diploic venous drainage contributed to avoidance of critical intracranial hypertension during slow growth of a torcular epidermoid cyst.