World Neurosurg
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A recent community-based study from Addis Ababa identifying Neural Tube Defect (NTD) cases by ultrasound examination of pregnant women showed a higher prevalence of 17 per 1000 fetuses. The risk factors behind the high prevalence remain unclear. ⋯ Within this high-prevalence community, poor vitamin status was identified as a risk factor for NTDs detected at ultrasound examination. Improving food security and fortification of foods or food ingredients could be alternative measures.
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This study aimed to explore the potential of employing machine learning algorithms based on intracranial pressure (ICP), ICP-derived parameters, and their complexity to predict the severity and short-term prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ This study demonstrates the clinical utility of the RF model, which integrates the mean and complexity metrics of ICP data, in accurately predicting the TBI severity and short-term prognosis.
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This study investigated the prognostic value of admission blood counts for arteriovenous malformation (AVM) outcomes and compared admission blood counts for patients with ruptured and unruptured AVMs. ⋯ Patients with ruptured and unruptured AVMs present with characteristic profiles of hematologic and inflammatory parameters evident in their admission blood work.
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Comparative Study
Underwater versus Closed Drainage System for Surgical Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma.
Chronic subdural hematoma (CDH) is a prevalent condition in neurosurgery. Standard care includes surgical evacuation with drainage of residual subdural cavity. We hypothesized that effective and timely drainage of subdural space may improve clinical and radiological outcomes. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of standard closed drainage and underwater drainage. ⋯ The use of underwater system significantly the reduces the rates of pneumocephalus, seizures, infection, and recurrence. Additional benefits are shorter intensive care unit ICU and total hospital stays.
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Chronic pain management remains a challenging aspect of neurosurgical care, with facet arthrosis being a significant contributor to the global burden of low back pain. This study evaluates the effectiveness of cryotherapy as a minimally invasive treatment for patients with facet arthrosis. By focusing on reducing drug dependency and pain intensity, the research aims to contribute to the evolving field of pain management techniques, offering an alternative to traditional pain management strategies. ⋯ The findings illuminate cryotherapy's efficacy in diminishing pain and curtailing medication dependency among patients with facet arthrosis. This study reaffirms cryotherapy's role in pain management and propels the discourse on nontraditional therapeutic avenues, highlighting the urgent need for personalized and innovative treatment frameworks.