The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jul 2008
Editorial CommentIodine in pregnancy: is salt iodization enough?
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffects of denosumab on bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women.
Denosumab is an investigational fully human monoclonal antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand, a mediator of osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast survival. ⋯ Twice-yearly denosumab increased BMD and decreased BTMs in early and later postmenopausal women.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of weight loss and exercise therapy on bone metabolism and mass in obese older adults: a one-year randomized controlled trial.
Although weight loss and exercise ameliorates frailty and improves cardiac risk factors in obese older adults, the long-term effect of lifestyle intervention on bone metabolism and mass is unknown. ⋯ Weight loss, even when combined with exercise, decreases hip BMD in obese older adults. It is not known whether the beneficial effects of weight loss and exercise on physical function lower the overall risk of falls and fractures, despite the decline in hip BMD.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · May 2008
Craniotabes in normal newborns: the earliest sign of subclinical vitamin D deficiency.
Craniotabes in otherwise normal neonates has been regarded as physiological and left untreated. ⋯ These results suggest that craniotabes in normal neonates is associated with vitamin D deficiency in utero, and the deficiency persists at 1 month in many of them, especially when breast-fed.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · May 2008
ReviewThirty years of personal experience in hyperglycemic crises: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) cause major morbidity and significant mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. For more than 30 yr, our group, in a series of prospective, randomized clinical studies, has investigated the pathogenesis and evolving strategies of the treatment of hyperglycemic crises. This paper summarizes the results of these prospective studies on the management and pathophysiology of DKA. ⋯ Areas of future research include prospective randomized studies to do the following: 1) establish the efficacy of bicarbonate therapy in DKA for a pH less than 6.9; 2) establish the need for a bolus insulin dose in the initial therapy of DKA; 3) determine the pathophysiological mechanisms for the absence of ketosis in HHS; 4) investigate the reasons for elevated proinflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular risk factors; and 5) evaluate the efficacy and cost benefit of using sc regular insulin vs. more expensive insulin analogs on the general ward for the treatment of DKA.