The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffects of denosumab on bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women.
Denosumab is an investigational fully human monoclonal antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand, a mediator of osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast survival. ⋯ Twice-yearly denosumab increased BMD and decreased BTMs in early and later postmenopausal women.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Dec 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffects of atorvastatin on bone in postmenopausal women with dyslipidemia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial.
In preclinical models, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase have been shown to positively affect bone remodeling balance. Observational studies and secondary analyses from lipid-lowering trials have yielded inconsistent results regarding the effect of these agents on bone mineral density and fracture risk. ⋯ Clinically relevant doses of atorvastatin that lower lipid levels had no effect on bone mineral density or biochemical indices of bone metabolism in this study, suggesting that such oral agents are not useful in the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jul 2007
Multicenter StudyAssociations of adiponectin with body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic Hispanics and African-Americans.
Hypoadiponectinemia has emerged as an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although associations of adiponectin with central obesity and insulin resistance have been reported, very little data are available from studies using detailed measures of insulin sensitivity (S(I)) and/or body fat distribution in ethnic groups at high risk for metabolic disease. ⋯ Directly measured S(I), VAT, and SAT were independently correlated with adiponectin in Hispanic and African-American subjects. The inverse association of VAT with adiponectin was stronger in African-Americans compared with Hispanics, a finding that suggests possible ethnic differences in the effects of visceral obesity.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Mar 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffects of testosterone supplementation on whole body and regional fat mass and distribution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men with abdominal obesity.
Whole body and abdominal obesity are associated with increased risk of diabetes mellitus and heart disease. The effects of testosterone therapy on whole body and visceral fat mass in HIV-infected men with abdominal obesity are unknown. ⋯ Testosterone therapy in HIV-positive men with abdominal obesity and low testosterone was associated with greater decrease in whole body, total, and sc abdominal fat mass and a greater increase in lean mass compared to placebo. However, changes in visceral fat mass were not significantly different between groups. Further studies are needed to determine testosterone effects on insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk.
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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. · Jun 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy and safety of oral conivaptan: a V1A/V2 vasopressin receptor antagonist, assessed in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia.
Hyponatremia [serum sodium concentration ([Na(+)]), <135 mEq/liter] is the most common fluid and electrolyte abnormality among hospitalized patients. It is frequently caused by the inappropriate release of arginine vasopressin. ⋯ Oral conivaptan (40 and 80 mg/d) was well tolerated and efficacious in correcting serum [Na(+)] in hyponatremia.