The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Dec 2017
Treatment of Children with Persistent and Chronic Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: 4 Infusions of Rituximab and Three 4-Day Cycles of Dexamethasone.
To assess initial and long-term outcome of children with persistent/chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) treated with 4 infusions of rituximab and three 4-day cycles of dexamethasone (4R+3Dex) including cohorts with most benefit and/or treatment associated toxicity. ⋯ Durable unmaintained ITP remission after 4R+3Dex was seen almost exclusively in female adolescents with <24 months duration of ITP. This provides a new therapeutic paradigm for a subpopulation with hard-to-treat chronic ITP. The pathophysiology of ITP underlying this distinction requires further elucidation.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Dec 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomized Trial of Dexamethasone Versus Prednisone for Children with Acute Asthma Exacerbations.
To determine whether 2 doses of dexamethasone is as effective as 5 days of prednisolone/prednisone therapy in improving symptoms and quality of life of children with asthma exacerbations admitted to the emergency department (ED). ⋯ clinicaltrialsregister.eu: 2013-003145-42.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Dec 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialPulmonary Artery Pressures in School-Age Children Born Prematurely.
To test the hypothesis that pulmonary artery pressures were higher in school aged children born extremely premature than those born at term. We also wanted to assess whether pulmonary artery pressures differed between children born prematurely with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or between those randomized in the neonatal period to different ventilation modes. ⋯ Pulmonary artery pressures were estimated to be greater in 11- to 14-year-old children born extremely prematurely compared with those born at term and in those born prematurely who developed BPD compared with those who did not but did not differ significantly by neonatal ventilation mode.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Dec 2017
Are We Using Abdominal Radiographs Appropriately in the Management of Pediatric Constipation?
To identify the reasons why pediatric gastroenterologists obtain abdominal radiographs in the management of pediatric constipation. ⋯ Abdominal radiographs commonly are obtained by pediatric gastroenterologists in the evaluation and management of constipation. The majority used it to make a diagnosis, and nearly one-half changed their management based on the imaging findings. Overall, they reported an improved confidence in their management plan, despite evidence that radiographic findings poorly correlate with clinical severity. This study highlights the need for further provider education regarding the recommendations delineated in existing constipation guidelines.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Dec 2017
Comparative Study Observational StudyImpact of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program-Recommended Low Oxygen Strategy on Outcomes of Infants Born Preterm.
To evaluate the impact of the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP)-recommended low oxygen strategy (LOX) on neonatal morbidities, mortality, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates born preterm. ⋯ The NRP-recommended LOX strategy was associated with improved respiratory morbidities and neurodevelopmental outcomes with no increase in mortality. Prospective trials to confirm the optimal oxygen strategy for the resuscitation of neonates born preterm are needed.