The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Sep 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyNebulized hypertonic saline in the treatment of viral bronchiolitis in infants.
To investigate the use of nebulized 3% hypertonic saline (HS) for treating viral bronchiolitis in moderately ill hospitalized infants by a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, controlled, multicenter trial. ⋯ The use of nebulized 3% HS is a safe, inexpensive, and effective treatment for infants hospitalized with moderately severe viral bronchiolitis.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyImmunogenicity and safety of a combination diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, and inactivated poliovirus vaccine coadministered with a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and a Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine.
To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, acellular pertussis, hepatitis B, and inactivated poliovirus-containing vaccine (DTaP-HepB-IPV) coadministered with pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib), with separate vaccines concurrently, or staggered (delayed) administration of PCV-7. ⋯ DTaP-HepB-IPV was highly immunogenic and well tolerated when coadministered with Hib and PCV-7 at 2, 4, and 6 months of age.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPalivizumab prophylaxis, respiratory syncytial virus, and subsequent recurrent wheezing.
Children who experience respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) early in life have high rates of subsequent recurrent wheezing. Palivizumab, an anti-RSV monoclonal antibody, has 78% to 80% efficacy in preventing RSV hospitalization in premature infants without chronic lung disease. We hypothesized that palivizumab, by ameliorating or preventing early RSV LRTI in preterm infants, might decrease later recurrent wheezing. ⋯ Our study suggests that preventing RSV LRTI with palivizumab may reduce subsequent recurrent wheezing in premature infants.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Dec 2006
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyComparison of chronic illness among children receiving mechanical ventilation in a cohort of children's hospitals in 1991 and 2001.
To compare the prevalence of chronic illness and characteristics of children who underwent mechanical ventilation in a cohort of patients at large children's hospitals between 1991 and 2001. ⋯ The increase in mechanical ventilation in hospitalized children is due to both an increased incidence of chronic illness and higher use within diagnostic categories. Unlike utilization of some services, the use of mechanical ventilation in hospitalized children may be a marker of increased severity of illness and need, because it is plausible that mechanical ventilation use is not primarily supply-sensitive.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Nov 2006
Multicenter StudySudden infant death syndrome: risk factors for infants found face down differ from other SIDS cases.
To test the hypothesis that infants with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) found face down (FD) would have SIDS risk factors different from those found in other positions (non-face-down position, NFD). ⋯ Infants with SIDS in the FD position appear to be a distinct subgroup of SIDS. These differences in risk factors provide clues to mechanisms of death in both SIDS subtypes.